Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e) by country

Countries reporting

176

Highest

14,065 Mt CO2e

China

Lowest

-147.59 Mt CO2e

Central African Republic

Median

38.96 Mt CO2e

Years covered

1990–2024

Data points

5,363

What the numbers show

Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e) is currently reported for 176 countries. The highest value is 14,065 Mt CO2e in China; the lowest is -147.59 Mt CO2e in Central African Republic.

The median across all reporting countries is 38.96 Mt CO2e, and the mean is 257.77 Mt CO2e.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 95.

Over the past decade 106 countries rose and 70 fell. The largest increase was in Sweden (up 2,476.6%), and the largest decrease in Venezuela (down 1,841.6%).

Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF: full country ranking

#	Country	Latest	Year	10-year change	Trend
1	China	14,065 Mt CO2e	2023	up 18.3%	rising
2	United States	4,969 Mt CO2e	2023	down 9.6%	falling
3	India	3,721 Mt CO2e	2023	up 37.3%	rising
4	Brazil	2,049 Mt CO2e	2023	up 28.8%	falling
5	Indonesia	1,559 Mt CO2e	2023	up 6.3%	rising
6	Russia	1,320 Mt CO2e	2023	up 57.9%	rising
7	Iran	1,052 Mt CO2e	2023	up 30.2%	rising
8	Japan	1,043 Mt CO2e	2023	down 22.3%	falling
9	Saudi Arabia	809.22 Mt CO2e	2023	up 20.9%	rising
10	Canada	758.51 Mt CO2e	2023	down 4.7%	flat
11	Germany	745.55 Mt CO2e	2023	down 19.8%	falling
12	South Korea	628.51 Mt CO2e	2023	down 6.2%	rising
13	Nigeria	563.38 Mt CO2e	2023	down 9.3%	flat
14	Pakistan	550.5 Mt CO2e	2023	up 29.7%	rising
15	Vietnam	503.43 Mt CO2e	2023	up 90.3%	rising
16	South Africa	498.74 Mt CO2e	2023	down 9.6%	rising
17	Turkey	494.68 Mt CO2e	2023	up 40.9%	rising
18	Australia	491.69 Mt CO2e	2023	down 17.6%	falling
19	Mexico	483.71 Mt CO2e	2023	down 2.0%	rising
20	Argentina	424.71 Mt CO2e	2023	down 4.6%	flat
21	United Kingdom	394.57 Mt CO2e	2023	down 31.9%	falling
22	France	351.89 Mt CO2e	2023	down 19.6%	falling
23	Kazakhstan	330.81 Mt CO2e	2023	down 3.6%	rising
24	Italy	324.12 Mt CO2e	2023	down 19.5%	falling
25	Thailand	318.67 Mt CO2e	2023	down 0.6%	rising
26	Poland	318.48 Mt CO2e	2023	down 9.5%	falling
27	Colombia	311.49 Mt CO2e	2023	up 25.1%	rising
28	Ethiopia	311.48 Mt CO2e	2023	up 35.5%	rising
29	Philippines	301.77 Mt CO2e	2023	up 68.4%	rising
30	United Arab Emirates	253.23 Mt CO2e	2023	up 6.6%	rising
31	Algeria	247.41 Mt CO2e	2023	up 27.1%	rising
32	Spain	235.39 Mt CO2e	2023	down 18.2%	falling
33	Bangladesh	216.21 Mt CO2e	2023	up 33.3%	rising
34	Uzbekistan	202.91 Mt CO2e	2023	up 9.8%	rising
35	Peru	200.05 Mt CO2e	2023	up 3.2%	rising
36	Ukraine	190.28 Mt CO2e	2023	down 55.2%	falling
37	Kuwait	168.02 Mt CO2e	2023	up 19.2%	rising
38	Myanmar	167.14 Mt CO2e	2023	up 1.6%	rising
39	Netherlands	152.6 Mt CO2e	2023	down 25.6%	falling
40	Kenya	147.42 Mt CO2e	2023	up 59.6%	rising
41	Sudan	146.38 Mt CO2e	2023	up 10.2%	rising
42	Tanzania	143.22 Mt CO2e	2023	up 31.5%	rising
43	Angola	138.69 Mt CO2e	2023	down 5.9%	rising
44	Turkmenistan	127.45 Mt CO2e	2023	up 30.6%	rising
45	Uganda	113.07 Mt CO2e	2023	up 27.2%	rising
46	Morocco	107.63 Mt CO2e	2023	up 22.3%	rising
47	Belgium	106.86 Mt CO2e	2023	down 16.7%	falling
48	Czechia	105.25 Mt CO2e	2023	down 15.9%	falling
49	Ecuador	98.99 Mt CO2e	2023	down 3.0%	flat
50	Malaysia	95.37 Mt CO2e	2023	up 234.0%	volatile
51	Bolivia	93.35 Mt CO2e	2023	up 13.2%	rising
52	Chad	91.73 Mt CO2e	2023	up 76.9%	rising
53	Cote d'Ivoire	91.41 Mt CO2e	2023	down 10.3%	flat
54	Cambodia	79.48 Mt CO2e	2023	down 51.2%	rising
55	Austria	78.92 Mt CO2e	2023	down 0.4%	rising
56	Israel	78.8 Mt CO2e	2023	down 3.6%	rising
57	Burkina Faso	74.73 Mt CO2e	2023	up 13.5%	rising
58	Guatemala	73.89 Mt CO2e	2023	up 19.3%	rising
59	North Korea	73.62 Mt CO2e	2023	up 52.6%	falling
60	Singapore	72.42 Mt CO2e	2023	up 16.8%	rising
61	Madagascar	70.05 Mt CO2e	2023	up 9.5%	rising
62	Mozambique	68.04 Mt CO2e	2023	up 13.9%	rising
63	Greece	65.92 Mt CO2e	2023	down 29.3%	falling
64	Bahrain	64.88 Mt CO2e	2023	up 13.9%	rising
65	Mongolia	63.54 Mt CO2e	2023	up 199.1%	volatile
66	Guinea	62.22 Mt CO2e	2023	up 20.8%	rising
67	Ireland	60.29 Mt CO2e	2023	down 9.1%	falling
68	Democratic Republic of Congo	59.53 Mt CO2e	2023	down 89.4%	volatile
69	Chile	59.37 Mt CO2e	2023	up 10.2%	volatile
70	Finland	59.05 Mt CO2e	2023	up 15.8%	rising
71	New Zealand	57.7 Mt CO2e	2023	down 3.6%	rising
72	Azerbaijan	55.78 Mt CO2e	2023	up 22.0%	rising
73	Romania	54.73 Mt CO2e	2023	down 24.6%	falling
74	Hungary	54.03 Mt CO2e	2023	down 8.2%	falling
75	Ghana	53.62 Mt CO2e	2023	up 39.7%	rising
76	Portugal	52.74 Mt CO2e	2023	down 16.3%	falling
77	Laos	52.18 Mt CO2e	2023	up 250.2%	volatile
78	Dominican Republic	52 Mt CO2e	2023	up 41.7%	rising
79	Somalia	51.59 Mt CO2e	2023	up 6.5%	rising
80	Syria	46.49 Mt CO2e	2023	down 2.9%	falling
81	Paraguay	45.65 Mt CO2e	2023	down 38.3%	rising
82	Belarus	45.62 Mt CO2e	2023	down 19.9%	flat
83	Zimbabwe	45.37 Mt CO2e	2023	up 1.0%	rising
84	Switzerland	44.11 Mt CO2e	2023	down 17.5%	falling
85	Afghanistan	42.98 Mt CO2e	2023	up 11.1%	rising
86	Bulgaria	40.92 Mt CO2e	2023	down 18.3%	flat
87	Togo	40.06 Mt CO2e	2023	up 17.4%	rising
88	Norway	39.91 Mt CO2e	2023	down 2.7%	rising
89	Denmark	38.01 Mt CO2e	2023	down 30.6%	falling
90	Uruguay	33.86 Mt CO2e	2023	up 10.8%	rising
91	Jordan	33.48 Mt CO2e	2023	up 13.3%	rising
92	Slovakia	32.49 Mt CO2e	2023	down 16.4%	falling
93	Nicaragua	31.68 Mt CO2e	2023	up 12.6%	rising
94	Trinidad and Tobago	31.48 Mt CO2e	2023	down 24.6%	rising
95	Niger	31.07 Mt CO2e	2023	up 93.2%	volatile
96	Yemen	30.48 Mt CO2e	2023	down 40.3%	falling
97	Tunisia	30.17 Mt CO2e	2023	up 4.2%	rising
98	Nepal	25.88 Mt CO2e	2023	up 20.1%	rising
99	Bosnia and Herzegovina	21.8 Mt CO2e	2023	down 6.3%	rising
100	Croatia	21.13 Mt CO2e	2023	up 9.6%	flat
101	Tajikistan	20.81 Mt CO2e	2023	up 45.2%	rising
102	Sweden	18.51 Mt CO2e	2023	up 2,476.6%	volatile
103	Senegal	18.08 Mt CO2e	2023	up 103.9%	volatile
104	Malawi	17.79 Mt CO2e	2023	up 42.0%	rising
105	Solomon Islands	16.82 Mt CO2e	2023	up 67.0%	volatile
106	Estonia	16.77 Mt CO2e	2023	down 39.0%	rising
107	Sri Lanka	16.7 Mt CO2e	2023	up 75.1%	volatile
108	Equatorial Guinea	16.53 Mt CO2e	2023	down 26.7%	falling
109	Honduras	16.35 Mt CO2e	2023	up 29.6%	rising
110	Mauritania	16.29 Mt CO2e	2023	up 39.1%	rising
111	Lithuania	15.85 Mt CO2e	2023	up 12.4%	rising
112	Lebanon	15.11 Mt CO2e	2023	down 39.7%	rising
113	Latvia	14.92 Mt CO2e	2023	up 71.3%	volatile
114	Haiti	14.76 Mt CO2e	2023	up 6.5%	rising
115	El Salvador	14.04 Mt CO2e	2023	up 30.1%	falling
116	Georgia	13.85 Mt CO2e	2023	up 39.5%	rising
117	Costa Rica	13.65 Mt CO2e	2023	down 29.1%	falling
118	Benin	13.39 Mt CO2e	2023	up 55.0%	rising
119	Slovenia	12.35 Mt CO2e	2023	down 17.6%	flat
120	Moldova	11.91 Mt CO2e	2023	up 25.6%	rising
121	Kyrgyzstan	11.35 Mt CO2e	2023	up 39.5%	volatile
122	Iceland	10.6 Mt CO2e	2023	down 6.2%	flat
123	Lesotho	10.56 Mt CO2e	2023	up 2.5%	flat
124	Armenia	10.26 Mt CO2e	2023	up 26.1%	rising
125	Botswana	9.79 Mt CO2e	2023	up 8.8%	rising
126	North Macedonia	9.21 Mt CO2e	2023	down 8.2%	falling
127	Cyprus	8.8 Mt CO2e	2023	up 15.3%	flat
128	Albania	8.61 Mt CO2e	2023	down 12.0%	falling
129	Brunei	7.6 Mt CO2e	2023	up 25.7%	rising
130	Jamaica	7.42 Mt CO2e	2023	up 3.4%	falling
131	Cuba	7.33 Mt CO2e	2023	down 64.8%	falling
132	Luxembourg	7.17 Mt CO2e	2023	down 33.0%	falling
133	Eritrea	6.33 Mt CO2e	2023	up 11.0%	rising
134	Congo	6.17 Mt CO2e	2023	up 548.7%	volatile
135	Mauritius	5.05 Mt CO2e	2023	up 3.4%	rising
136	Bahamas	4.77 Mt CO2e	2023	up 6.8%	rising
137	Zambia	3.83 Mt CO2e	2023	up 132.6%	volatile
138	Fiji	3.21 Mt CO2e	2023	down 3.8%	falling
139	Gambia	3.03 Mt CO2e	2023	up 0.9%	rising
140	Malta	2.23 Mt CO2e	2023	down 20.0%	falling
141	Palau	1.36 Mt CO2e	2023	down 23.5%	falling
142	Rwanda	1.26 Mt CO2e	2023	up 625.0%	volatile
143	Barbados	0.8299 Mt CO2e	2023	down 4.1%	rising
144	Cape Verde	0.824 Mt CO2e	2023	down 8.6%	rising
145	Seychelles	0.7839 Mt CO2e	2023	up 28.9%	rising
146	Antigua and Barbuda	0.6066 Mt CO2e	2023	up 16.9%	rising
147	East Timor	0.399 Mt CO2e	2023	up 252.5%	volatile
148	Saint Lucia	0.2276 Mt CO2e	2023	up 567.4%	volatile
149	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0.1251 Mt CO2e	2023	up 56.4%	rising
150	Grenada	0.0566 Mt CO2e	2023	up 1,986.7%	volatile
151	Saint Kitts and Nevis	0.0423 Mt CO2e	2023	up 615.9%	volatile
152	Tuvalu	0.0041 Mt CO2e	2023	up 7.9%	rising
153	Samoa	-0.2602 Mt CO2e	2023	down 1.8%	rising
154	Sao Tome and Principe	-0.2739 Mt CO2e	2023	down 18.5%	flat
155	Micronesia (country)	-0.5088 Mt CO2e	2023	up 2.4%	flat
156	Eswatini	-0.7113 Mt CO2e	2023	up 4.8%	falling
157	Comoros	-1.2 Mt CO2e	2023	up 11.4%	rising
158	Tonga	-1.71 Mt CO2e	2023	up 2.9%	flat
159	Papua New Guinea	-2.18 Mt CO2e	2023	down 116.8%	volatile
160	Dominica	-2.61 Mt CO2e	2023	down 98.1%	volatile
161	Djibouti	-4.61 Mt CO2e	2023	up 5.2%	volatile
162	Vanuatu	-6.31 Mt CO2e	2023	down 0.9%	flat
163	Burundi	-7.23 Mt CO2e	2023	down 13.2%	volatile
164	Belize	-7.88 Mt CO2e	2023	down 46.7%	rising
165	Panama	-8.43 Mt CO2e	2023	up 17.4%	flat
166	Bhutan	-8.54 Mt CO2e	2023	up 12.1%	rising
167	Suriname	-14.21 Mt CO2e	2023	down 14.9%	falling
168	Liberia	-16.09 Mt CO2e	2023	up 4.2%	rising
169	Guinea-Bissau	-19.4 Mt CO2e	2023	down 39.9%	rising
170	Cameroon	-36.24 Mt CO2e	2023	up 17.1%	rising
171	Gabon	-87.25 Mt CO2e	2023	up 7.5%	falling
172	Namibia	-96.82 Mt CO2e	2023	up 4.1%	falling
173	Mali	-108.42 Mt CO2e	2023	up 52.8%	rising
174	Venezuela	-119.61 Mt CO2e	2023	down 1,841.6%	volatile
175	Guyana	-133.82 Mt CO2e	2023	up 1.9%	rising
176	Central African Republic	-147.59 Mt CO2e	2023	up 6.5%	rising

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

World 54,077 Mt CO2e
IDA & IBRD total 32,830 Mt CO2e
Low & middle income 31,156 Mt CO2e
Middle income 30,216 Mt CO2e
IBRD only 29,541 Mt CO2e
Upper middle income 23,765 Mt CO2e
Late-demographic dividend 20,393 Mt CO2e
East Asia & Pacific 19,592 Mt CO2e
East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 17,289 Mt CO2e
East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 17,217 Mt CO2e
High income 14,212 Mt CO2e
OECD members 12,747 Mt CO2e

About this data

Indicator: Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
Unit: Mt CO2e
Source: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage: 223 places, 5,363 data points, 1990–2024
Last refreshed: 06 August 2026

A measure of annual emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)) from the energy, industry, waste, agriculture, and land use, land use changes, and forestry (LULUCF) sectors, standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values using the Global Warming Potential (GWP) factors of IPCC's 5th Assessment Report (AR5).