Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) by country
Change of emissions (as %) of current year with respect to emissions in baseline year 1990 emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)) from the...
Countries reporting
203
Highest
4,294.6%
Equatorial Guinea
Lowest
-79.9%
Ukraine
Median
87.2%
Years covered
34
1991–2024
Data points
8,500
What the numbers show
Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) is currently reported for 203 countries. The highest value is 4,294.6% in Equatorial Guinea; the lowest is -79.9% in Ukraine.
The median across all reporting countries is 87.2%, and the mean is 145.3%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 54.
Over the past decade 142 countries rose and 61 fell. The largest increase was in Barbados (up 1,089.4%), and the largest decrease in Austria (down 1,527.1%).
Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Equatorial Guinea | 4,294.6% | 2024 | down 42.7% | rising |
| 2 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 2,484.8% | 2024 | up 193.5% | volatile |
| 3 | Maldives | 1,450.7% | 2024 | down 11.8% | volatile |
| 4 | Greenland | 979.1% | 2024 | up 23.5% | volatile |
| 5 | Chad | 814.3% | 2024 | up 93.0% | volatile |
| 6 | Vietnam | 535.8% | 2024 | up 115.8% | volatile |
| 7 | Qatar | 519.0% | 2024 | up 24.5% | volatile |
| 8 | Laos | 513.6% | 2024 | up 262.1% | volatile |
| 9 | Benin | 362.8% | 2024 | up 53.0% | volatile |
| 10 | Ghana | 359.2% | 2024 | up 69.5% | volatile |
| 11 | Guinea | 325.9% | 2024 | up 93.8% | volatile |
| 12 | Cape Verde | 323.1% | 2024 | down 9.9% | volatile |
| 13 | China | 318.5% | 2024 | up 26.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Gibraltar | 317.3% | 2024 | up 25.2% | rising |
| 15 | Mali | 300.7% | 2024 | up 97.2% | volatile |
| 16 | Indonesia | 291.6% | 2024 | up 91.8% | volatile |
| 17 | Mozambique | 290.4% | 2024 | up 55.0% | volatile |
| 18 | Malaysia | 287.4% | 2024 | up 22.2% | volatile |
| 19 | Niger | 283.2% | 2024 | up 70.8% | volatile |
| 20 | Cote d'Ivoire | 282.7% | 2024 | up 83.0% | volatile |
| 21 | Oman | 278.3% | 2024 | up 41.7% | volatile |
| 22 | Uganda | 274.6% | 2024 | up 61.0% | volatile |
| 23 | British Virgin Islands | 272.2% | 2024 | up 41.9% | volatile |
| 24 | East Timor | 266.3% | 2024 | down 13.5% | volatile |
| 25 | Saudi Arabia | 254.5% | 2024 | up 24.3% | volatile |
| 26 | Guyana | 253.2% | 2024 | up 214.5% | volatile |
| 27 | Tanzania | 251.1% | 2024 | up 94.8% | volatile |
| 28 | Mauritius | 251.0% | 2024 | up 27.1% | volatile |
| 29 | Mongolia | 248.7% | 2024 | up 197.0% | volatile |
| 30 | Kiribati | 248.0% | 2024 | up 49.0% | volatile |
| 31 | Kuwait | 242.9% | 2024 | up 38.1% | volatile |
| 32 | Cambodia | 241.9% | 2024 | up 87.3% | volatile |
| 33 | Togo | 233.8% | 2024 | up 89.9% | volatile |
| 34 | Guatemala | 232.4% | 2024 | up 51.5% | volatile |
| 35 | United Arab Emirates | 232.2% | 2024 | up 13.6% | volatile |
| 36 | Malawi | 223.8% | 2024 | up 74.8% | volatile |
| 37 | India | 222.9% | 2024 | up 58.8% | volatile |
| 38 | Senegal | 220.8% | 2024 | up 83.0% | volatile |
| 39 | Iran | 218.4% | 2024 | up 54.3% | volatile |
| 40 | Saint Lucia | 213.4% | 2024 | up 112.7% | volatile |
| 41 | Cayman Islands | 212.7% | 2024 | up 114.0% | volatile |
| 42 | Dominican Republic | 209.7% | 2024 | up 90.4% | volatile |
| 43 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 209.7% | 2024 | up 68.6% | volatile |
| 44 | Burkina Faso | 208.8% | 2024 | up 47.7% | volatile |
| 45 | Seychelles | 207.5% | 2024 | down 4.3% | volatile |
| 46 | Comoros | 204.6% | 2024 | up 146.4% | volatile |
| 47 | Bangladesh | 194.9% | 2024 | up 56.2% | volatile |
| 48 | Sao Tome and Principe | 194.7% | 2024 | up 23.7% | volatile |
| 49 | Philippines | 189.7% | 2024 | up 95.9% | volatile |
| 50 | Ethiopia | 188.6% | 2024 | up 64.8% | volatile |
| 51 | Jordan | 187.6% | 2024 | up 10.9% | volatile |
| 52 | Honduras | 183.4% | 2024 | up 36.9% | volatile |
| 53 | New Caledonia | 180.5% | 2024 | up 7.0% | volatile |
| 54 | Panama | 179.6% | 2024 | up 26.8% | volatile |
| 55 | Pakistan | 178.4% | 2024 | up 50.7% | volatile |
| 56 | Burundi | 176.4% | 2024 | up 102.3% | volatile |
| 57 | Kenya | 167.4% | 2024 | up 55.1% | volatile |
| 58 | Aruba | 167.2% | 2024 | up 47.6% | rising |
| 59 | Mauritania | 162.7% | 2024 | up 64.3% | volatile |
| 60 | Grenada | 159.7% | 2024 | up 113.9% | volatile |
| 61 | Egypt | 159.1% | 2024 | up 34.9% | volatile |
| 62 | Turkey | 156.2% | 2024 | up 56.6% | volatile |
| 63 | Morocco | 155.9% | 2024 | up 35.5% | volatile |
| 64 | Afghanistan | 155.5% | 2024 | up 30.3% | volatile |
| 65 | Bhutan | 148.1% | 2024 | up 38.4% | volatile |
| 66 | Liberia | 146.6% | 2024 | up 15.4% | volatile |
| 67 | Zambia | 142.8% | 2024 | up 133.9% | volatile |
| 68 | Lebanon | 142.3% | 2024 | down 50.8% | rising |
| 69 | Iraq | 140.7% | 2024 | up 157.6% | volatile |
| 70 | Peru | 138.9% | 2024 | up 45.9% | volatile |
| 71 | Belize | 136.6% | 2024 | up 99.6% | volatile |
| 72 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 135.9% | 2024 | up 59.7% | volatile |
| 73 | Sri Lanka | 133.5% | 2024 | up 49.9% | volatile |
| 74 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 130.9% | 2024 | up 115.3% | volatile |
| 75 | Thailand | 130.5% | 2024 | up 12.6% | rising |
| 76 | Sierra Leone | 128.3% | 2024 | up 37.6% | volatile |
| 77 | Sudan | 126.7% | 2024 | up 18.3% | rising |
| 78 | Congo | 125.8% | 2024 | up 47.4% | volatile |
| 79 | Singapore | 125.4% | 2024 | up 40.4% | rising |
| 80 | Bahrain | 121.6% | 2024 | up 18.8% | volatile |
| 81 | Papua New Guinea | 120.9% | 2024 | up 24.7% | volatile |
| 82 | Bolivia | 116.6% | 2024 | up 91.4% | volatile |
| 83 | Chile | 115.6% | 2024 | up 12.8% | volatile |
| 84 | Namibia | 115.5% | 2024 | up 78.0% | volatile |
| 85 | South Korea | 114.6% | 2024 | down 8.8% | rising |
| 86 | Nicaragua | 112.6% | 2024 | up 35.9% | volatile |
| 87 | Trinidad and Tobago | 111.3% | 2024 | down 36.5% | volatile |
| 88 | Ecuador | 110.6% | 2024 | up 6.0% | volatile |
| 89 | El Salvador | 108.3% | 2024 | up 69.2% | rising |
| 90 | Solomon Islands | 105.5% | 2024 | up 2.6% | volatile |
| 91 | Angola | 105.1% | 2024 | down 20.2% | rising |
| 92 | Brunei | 102.8% | 2024 | up 29.7% | rising |
| 93 | Gambia | 100.7% | 2024 | down 7.0% | volatile |
| 94 | Brazil | 100.1% | 2024 | up 8.4% | volatile |
| 95 | Paraguay | 99.5% | 2024 | up 1.6% | volatile |
| 96 | Guinea-Bissau | 93.1% | 2024 | up 39.3% | volatile |
| 97 | Tunisia | 92.2% | 2024 | up 13.9% | volatile |
| 98 | Dominica | 91.7% | 2024 | up 35.3% | rising |
| 99 | Algeria | 91.4% | 2024 | up 38.8% | volatile |
| 100 | Haiti | 90.2% | 2024 | up 13.1% | volatile |
| 101 | Yemen | 87.9% | 2024 | down 54.9% | volatile |
| 102 | Turkmenistan | 87.2% | 2024 | up 49.8% | volatile |
| 103 | Myanmar | 86.3% | 2024 | down 4.6% | volatile |
| 104 | Israel | 82.7% | 2024 | down 7.6% | rising |
| 105 | Macao | 81.8% | 2024 | down 30.1% | volatile |
| 106 | Nepal | 79.5% | 2024 | up 18.8% | volatile |
| 107 | Costa Rica | 78.0% | 2024 | up 46.8% | volatile |
| 108 | Samoa | 77.2% | 2024 | up 5.4% | volatile |
| 109 | Central African Republic | 76.9% | 2024 | up 51.6% | volatile |
| 110 | Antigua and Barbuda | 73.1% | 2024 | up 78.3% | volatile |
| 111 | Northern Mariana Islands | 70.8% | 2024 | up 21.4% | rising |
| 112 | Micronesia (country) | 70.1% | 2024 | up 116.2% | volatile |
| 113 | Cyprus | 67.4% | 2024 | up 36.4% | rising |
| 114 | Suriname | 65.7% | 2024 | down 10.4% | volatile |
| 115 | Colombia | 64.5% | 2024 | up 60.7% | volatile |
| 116 | Marshall Islands | 60.0% | 2024 | up 275.0% | volatile |
| 117 | Madagascar | 56.4% | 2024 | up 57.0% | volatile |
| 118 | Mexico | 55.9% | 2024 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 119 | Uruguay | 54.4% | 2024 | up 52.3% | rising |
| 120 | Tonga | 50.9% | 2024 | up 91.8% | volatile |
| 121 | Argentina | 47.9% | 2024 | up 13.6% | volatile |
| 122 | Guam | 47.5% | 2024 | up 38.1% | volatile |
| 123 | Rwanda | 47.2% | 2024 | up 387.2% | volatile |
| 124 | Lesotho | 43.5% | 2024 | up 34.4% | volatile |
| 125 | Bahamas | 41.1% | 2024 | up 236.7% | volatile |
| 126 | Nauru | 40.0% | 2024 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 127 | South Africa | 40.0% | 2024 | down 20.2% | volatile |
| 128 | Eritrea | 39.9% | 2024 | up 47.7% | volatile |
| 129 | Uzbekistan | 39.4% | 2024 | up 330.6% | volatile |
| 130 | Cameroon | 35.0% | 2024 | up 102.3% | volatile |
| 131 | Vanuatu | 34.6% | 2024 | down 30.9% | volatile |
| 132 | Nigeria | 34.4% | 2024 | up 4.6% | flat |
| 133 | Somalia | 34.1% | 2024 | up 54.7% | volatile |
| 134 | Tuvalu | 32.3% | 2024 | up 42.9% | rising |
| 135 | Djibouti | 30.6% | 2024 | up 84.3% | volatile |
| 136 | Botswana | 30.5% | 2024 | down 21.1% | volatile |
| 137 | Canada | 30.1% | 2024 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 138 | Fiji | 29.1% | 2024 | up 77.8% | volatile |
| 139 | Australia | 28.4% | 2024 | down 4.2% | rising |
| 140 | American Samoa | 21.9% | 2024 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 141 | French Polynesia | 15.2% | 2024 | down 1.7% | volatile |
| 142 | Libya | 12.8% | 2024 | up 267.7% | volatile |
| 143 | Bermuda | 8.4% | 2024 | up 25.9% | volatile |
| 144 | New Zealand | 8.4% | 2024 | down 61.0% | rising |
| 145 | Faroe Islands | 7.2% | 2024 | up 58.5% | volatile |
| 146 | Gabon | 6.6% | 2024 | up 1,084.8% | volatile |
| 147 | Barbados | 6.5% | 2024 | up 1,089.4% | volatile |
| 148 | Hong Kong | 2.7% | 2024 | down 92.1% | volatile |
| 149 | United States Virgin Islands | 2.5% | 2024 | up 20.0% | volatile |
| 150 | Venezuela | 2.2% | 2024 | down 97.0% | volatile |
| 151 | Jamaica | 1.9% | 2024 | up 124.6% | volatile |
| 152 | Ireland | 1.2% | 2024 | down 90.0% | volatile |
| 153 | Tajikistan | 0.9% | 2024 | up 102.7% | volatile |
| 154 | Norway | -2.9% | 2024 | down 124.1% | volatile |
| 155 | Iceland | -3.0% | 2024 | down 157.1% | volatile |
| 156 | Spain | -3.0% | 2024 | down 123.3% | volatile |
| 157 | Kazakhstan | -3.5% | 2024 | up 73.0% | volatile |
| 158 | United States | -4.9% | 2024 | down 211.6% | volatile |
| 159 | Portugal | -7.8% | 2024 | down 165.9% | volatile |
| 160 | Eswatini | -9.1% | 2024 | up 10.3% | volatile |
| 161 | Zimbabwe | -10.6% | 2024 | up 48.0% | volatile |
| 162 | Malta | -11.0% | 2024 | down 203.1% | volatile |
| 163 | Austria | -11.4% | 2024 | down 1,527.1% | volatile |
| 164 | Azerbaijan | -13.9% | 2024 | up 35.6% | rising |
| 165 | Russia | -15.7% | 2024 | up 41.6% | rising |
| 166 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | -16.0% | 2024 | down 5.2% | volatile |
| 167 | Slovenia | -17.7% | 2024 | down 56.0% | volatile |
| 168 | Japan | -17.9% | 2024 | down 428.3% | volatile |
| 169 | Croatia | -18.2% | 2024 | up 24.1% | rising |
| 170 | Puerto Rico | -19.0% | 2024 | up 46.1% | volatile |
| 171 | Switzerland | -20.3% | 2024 | down 182.8% | volatile |
| 172 | Belgium | -23.3% | 2024 | down 81.3% | volatile |
| 173 | Syria | -25.6% | 2024 | up 0.8% | volatile |
| 174 | Italy | -26.4% | 2024 | down 64.7% | volatile |
| 175 | Greece | -27.3% | 2024 | down 408.3% | volatile |
| 176 | France | -28.8% | 2024 | down 103.6% | volatile |
| 177 | Sweden | -30.1% | 2024 | down 34.3% | volatile |
| 178 | North Macedonia | -31.7% | 2024 | down 33.9% | falling |
| 179 | Poland | -32.2% | 2024 | down 29.1% | falling |
| 180 | Kyrgyzstan | -33.0% | 2024 | up 21.3% | rising |
| 181 | Finland | -33.4% | 2024 | down 225.8% | volatile |
| 182 | Palau | -34.5% | 2024 | up 20.7% | volatile |
| 183 | Netherlands | -35.2% | 2024 | down 160.6% | volatile |
| 184 | Hungary | -37.3% | 2024 | down 8.2% | falling |
| 185 | Luxembourg | -37.7% | 2024 | down 128.7% | volatile |
| 186 | Albania | -38.0% | 2024 | down 69.6% | rising |
| 187 | Cuba | -39.0% | 2024 | down 54.5% | falling |
| 188 | Belarus | -39.6% | 2024 | down 21.0% | falling |
| 189 | Denmark | -44.6% | 2024 | down 65.0% | volatile |
| 190 | North Korea | -44.7% | 2024 | up 23.2% | falling |
| 191 | Germany | -45.4% | 2024 | down 66.8% | falling |
| 192 | Slovakia | -47.2% | 2024 | down 13.1% | falling |
| 193 | Czechia | -49.7% | 2024 | down 46.6% | falling |
| 194 | United Kingdom | -50.3% | 2024 | down 67.7% | volatile |
| 195 | Georgia | -52.0% | 2024 | up 12.6% | flat |
| 196 | Bulgaria | -53.7% | 2024 | down 34.4% | falling |
| 197 | Armenia | -55.6% | 2024 | up 11.8% | rising |
| 198 | Lithuania | -55.7% | 2024 | down 9.8% | falling |
| 199 | Latvia | -57.7% | 2024 | down 3.7% | falling |
| 200 | Romania | -57.7% | 2024 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 201 | Moldova | -68.8% | 2024 | up 1.3% | falling |
| 202 | Estonia | -69.0% | 2024 | down 75.1% | falling |
| 203 | Ukraine | -79.9% | 2024 | down 28.9% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 306.1%
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 294.1%
- South Asia 218.3%
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 218.3%
- East Asia & Pacific 205.4%
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 175.7%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 173.6%
- Upper middle income 171.5%
- Least developed countries: UN classification 169.7%
- Middle income 168.1%
- Low & middle income 164.6%
- Arab World 159.5%
About this data
Change of emissions (as %) of current year with respect to emissions in baseline year 1990 emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)) from the energy, industry, waste, and agriculture sectors, standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values. This measure excludes GHG fluxes caused by Land Use Change Land Use and Forestry (LULUCF), as these fluxes have larger uncertainties. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values using the Global Warming Potential (GWP) factors of IPCC's 5th Assessment Report (AR5) to combine different GHGs. Negative values indicate that the emission level for that year is lower than the emissions level in 1990.