Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) by country
A measure of annual emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)) from the energy, industry, waste, and agriculture sectors, standardized to...
Countries reporting
203
Highest
15,536 Mt CO2e
China
Lowest
0.0014 Mt CO2e
Nauru
Median
34.86 Mt CO2e
Years covered
55
1970–2024
Data points
13,750
What the numbers show
Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) is currently reported for 203 countries. The highest value is 15,536 Mt CO2e in China; the lowest is 0.0014 Mt CO2e in Nauru.
The median across all reporting countries is 34.86 Mt CO2e, and the mean is 253.5 Mt CO2e.
Over the past decade 142 countries rose and 61 fell. The largest increase was in Turks and Caicos Islands (up 173.0%), and the largest decrease in Estonia (down 48.9%).
Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 15,536 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 18.6% | volatile |
| 2 | United States | 5,913 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 8.9% | rising |
| 3 | India | 4,371 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 34.3% | volatile |
| 4 | Russia | 2,576 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 15.3% | flat |
| 5 | Indonesia | 1,324 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 55.4% | volatile |
| 6 | Brazil | 1,299 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 7 | Japan | 1,063 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 22.2% | rising |
| 8 | Iran | 1,055 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 31.8% | rising |
| 9 | Saudi Arabia | 838.88 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 16.3% | volatile |
| 10 | Canada | 768.06 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 1.1% | rising |
| 11 | Mexico | 686.78 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 12 | Germany | 674.36 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 25.0% | falling |
| 13 | South Korea | 668.25 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 4.9% | volatile |
| 14 | Australia | 591.45 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 1.0% | rising |
| 15 | Vietnam | 584.26 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 82.5% | volatile |
| 16 | Turkey | 579.51 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 28.3% | rising |
| 17 | South Africa | 569.81 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 6.7% | rising |
| 18 | Pakistan | 525.88 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 27.5% | volatile |
| 19 | Thailand | 422.39 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 20 | Iraq | 413.28 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 55.7% | rising |
| 21 | United Kingdom | 386.7 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 29.0% | falling |
| 22 | Egypt | 386.6 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 18.9% | volatile |
| 23 | France | 378.12 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 17.1% | falling |
| 24 | Argentina | 374.35 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 25 | Italy | 371.17 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 12.4% | flat |
| 26 | Nigeria | 350.56 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 1.1% | rising |
| 27 | Poland | 348.19 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 9.7% | falling |
| 28 | Malaysia | 332.17 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 15.6% | volatile |
| 29 | Kazakhstan | 330.39 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 10.8% | falling |
| 30 | Spain | 285.64 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 14.2% | rising |
| 31 | Philippines | 266.6 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 47.2% | rising |
| 32 | United Arab Emirates | 264.15 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 9.1% | volatile |
| 33 | Algeria | 252.7 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 15.4% | rising |
| 34 | Uzbekistan | 227.49 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 27.7% | rising |
| 35 | Bangladesh | 220.83 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 31.2% | rising |
| 36 | Colombia | 217.59 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 17.4% | rising |
| 37 | Ukraine | 196.96 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 47.1% | falling |
| 38 | Ethiopia | 192.7 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 34.6% | rising |
| 39 | Kuwait | 173.33 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 24.3% | rising |
| 40 | Venezuela | 167.32 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 40.6% | rising |
| 41 | Qatar | 162.75 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 19.7% | volatile |
| 42 | Netherlands | 145.01 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 25.1% | falling |
| 43 | Sudan | 138.7 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 44 | Oman | 132.26 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 27.6% | volatile |
| 45 | Chile | 118.12 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 6.5% | rising |
| 46 | Myanmar | 117.79 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 47 | Turkmenistan | 114.81 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 18.3% | rising |
| 48 | Morocco | 108.74 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 19.0% | rising |
| 49 | Belgium | 107.82 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 12.0% | falling |
| 50 | Mongolia | 104.36 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 89.8% | volatile |
| 51 | Peru | 103.81 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 22.4% | rising |
| 52 | Kenya | 102.84 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 28.6% | volatile |
| 53 | Tanzania | 102.53 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 53.4% | volatile |
| 54 | Romania | 101.86 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 8.5% | falling |
| 55 | Chad | 101.17 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 75.2% | volatile |
| 56 | Czechia | 100.38 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 23.9% | falling |
| 57 | Libya | 98.17 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 22.1% | flat |
| 58 | North Korea | 91.25 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 32.2% | falling |
| 59 | Belarus | 87.49 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 10.2% | falling |
| 60 | New Zealand | 77.84 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 10.8% | rising |
| 61 | Israel | 76.62 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 3.6% | rising |
| 62 | Singapore | 76.09 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 19.1% | volatile |
| 63 | Ecuador | 74.41 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 64 | Greece | 71.5 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 23.1% | rising |
| 65 | Austria | 71 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 12.2% | rising |
| 66 | Angola | 69.92 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 11.5% | rising |
| 67 | Bahrain | 64.42 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 68 | Bolivia | 63.76 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 34.6% | rising |
| 69 | Hungary | 60.45 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 4.3% | falling |
| 70 | Ireland | 59.68 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 9.8% | rising |
| 71 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 58.49 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 43.6% | rising |
| 72 | Azerbaijan | 58.28 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 9.8% | rising |
| 73 | Uganda | 57.3 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 38.5% | volatile |
| 74 | Norway | 53.76 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 13.2% | rising |
| 75 | Portugal | 53.17 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 17.5% | rising |
| 76 | Sweden | 52.57 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 9.9% | falling |
| 77 | Dominican Republic | 51.58 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 47.4% | rising |
| 78 | Cambodia | 49.83 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 49.2% | volatile |
| 79 | Finland | 48.68 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 25.8% | flat |
| 80 | Ghana | 48.09 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 47.2% | volatile |
| 81 | Mali | 48.01 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 58.7% | volatile |
| 82 | Syria | 47.17 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 83 | Bulgaria | 46.68 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 22.9% | falling |
| 84 | Uruguay | 44.63 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 13.8% | rising |
| 85 | Tunisia | 44.62 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 6.2% | rising |
| 86 | Guatemala | 43.47 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 31.2% | volatile |
| 87 | Switzerland | 42.99 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 14.2% | falling |
| 88 | Laos | 41.55 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 153.7% | volatile |
| 89 | Nepal | 41.47 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 90 | Paraguay | 41.44 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 91 | Niger | 41.15 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 44.2% | volatile |
| 92 | Cameroon | 40.62 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 93 | Hong Kong | 40.31 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 23.4% | rising |
| 94 | Slovakia | 39 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 9.4% | falling |
| 95 | Zambia | 38.52 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 50.8% | rising |
| 96 | Denmark | 38.26 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 24.1% | falling |
| 97 | Cote d'Ivoire | 38.03 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 50.4% | volatile |
| 98 | Sri Lanka | 37.17 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 23.5% | rising |
| 99 | Cuba | 35.99 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 18.4% | falling |
| 100 | Madagascar | 35.79 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 101 | Burkina Faso | 34.92 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 27.9% | volatile |
| 102 | Jordan | 34.86 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 6.9% | volatile |
| 103 | Somalia | 34.42 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 104 | Mozambique | 33.63 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 35.9% | volatile |
| 105 | Trinidad and Tobago | 33.59 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 23.3% | volatile |
| 106 | Afghanistan | 33.03 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 16.5% | rising |
| 107 | Yemen | 32.9 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 36.3% | volatile |
| 108 | Senegal | 31.72 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 45.4% | rising |
| 109 | Zimbabwe | 30.78 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 110 | Guinea | 29.38 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 58.8% | volatile |
| 111 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 27.63 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 0.9% | rising |
| 112 | Croatia | 26.84 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 7.6% | falling |
| 113 | Congo | 24.62 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 21.8% | rising |
| 114 | Honduras | 24.39 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 115 | Kyrgyzstan | 22.37 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 15.3% | falling |
| 116 | Tajikistan | 22.19 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 52.8% | falling |
| 117 | Gabon | 21.78 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 118 | Lithuania | 21.54 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 10.1% | falling |
| 119 | Georgia | 19.6 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 18.6% | falling |
| 120 | Panama | 19.22 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 15.7% | rising |
| 121 | Nicaragua | 19.16 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 16.3% | rising |
| 122 | Malawi | 19.02 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 42.0% | volatile |
| 123 | Lebanon | 18.79 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 37.8% | volatile |
| 124 | Benin | 17.77 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 37.3% | volatile |
| 125 | Puerto Rico | 17.62 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 25.2% | falling |
| 126 | Mauritania | 17.51 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 32.0% | rising |
| 127 | Slovenia | 17.34 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 7.2% | rising |
| 128 | Costa Rica | 17.08 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 16.2% | rising |
| 129 | El Salvador | 14.75 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 27.0% | rising |
| 130 | Namibia | 14.21 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 30.7% | rising |
| 131 | Estonia | 14.13 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 48.9% | falling |
| 132 | Haiti | 13.78 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 133 | Central African Republic | 13.44 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 17.4% | rising |
| 134 | Botswana | 12.1 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 5.9% | rising |
| 135 | Brunei | 11.87 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 13.1% | rising |
| 136 | Moldova | 11.66 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 2.9% | falling |
| 137 | Latvia | 11.64 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 138 | Togo | 10.84 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 49.6% | volatile |
| 139 | Armenia | 10.78 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 20.2% | falling |
| 140 | Papua New Guinea | 10.76 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 12.1% | rising |
| 141 | North Macedonia | 9.81 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 10.5% | falling |
| 142 | Jamaica | 9.42 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 10.3% | rising |
| 143 | Cyprus | 9.34 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 12.0% | rising |
| 144 | Guyana | 8.73 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 95.7% | rising |
| 145 | Burundi | 8.42 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 47.7% | rising |
| 146 | Rwanda | 8.35 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 34.2% | rising |
| 147 | Equatorial Guinea | 8.14 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 42.1% | volatile |
| 148 | Luxembourg | 8.05 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 25.4% | falling |
| 149 | Sierra Leone | 7.93 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 150 | Albania | 7.12 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 20.1% | falling |
| 151 | Eritrea | 6.58 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 152 | Mauritius | 6.47 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 18.0% | volatile |
| 153 | New Caledonia | 5.38 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 4.4% | volatile |
| 154 | Liberia | 4.46 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 155 | Iceland | 4.28 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 7.8% | rising |
| 156 | Suriname | 3.67 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 4.4% | rising |
| 157 | Guinea-Bissau | 3.19 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 15.7% | rising |
| 158 | Lesotho | 3.06 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 8.4% | rising |
| 159 | Eswatini | 2.93 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 160 | Bhutan | 2.81 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 19.9% | volatile |
| 161 | Fiji | 2.75 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 162 | Djibouti | 2.42 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 12.0% | rising |
| 163 | Malta | 2.24 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 19.5% | rising |
| 164 | Maldives | 2.09 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 11.1% | volatile |
| 165 | East Timor | 1.94 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 10.2% | volatile |
| 166 | Gambia | 1.86 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 3.6% | rising |
| 167 | Bahamas | 1.84 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 25.7% | rising |
| 168 | Macao | 1.82 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 16.2% | volatile |
| 169 | Palau | 1.53 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 16.0% | falling |
| 170 | French Polynesia | 1.08 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 0.2% | rising |
| 171 | Belize | 1.03 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 40.5% | rising |
| 172 | Seychelles | 0.9764 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 3.0% | volatile |
| 173 | Comoros | 0.9494 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 66.4% | rising |
| 174 | Cape Verde | 0.9126 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 7.8% | volatile |
| 175 | Barbados | 0.9121 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 176 | Greenland | 0.6593 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 20.9% | volatile |
| 177 | Gibraltar | 0.6589 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 18.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Vanuatu | 0.6321 Mt CO2e | 2024 | down 10.3% | rising |
| 179 | Solomon Islands | 0.6198 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 180 | Aruba | 0.5887 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 25.3% | volatile |
| 181 | Samoa | 0.5216 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 182 | Saint Lucia | 0.4685 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 56.4% | volatile |
| 183 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.4269 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 22.8% | rising |
| 184 | Cayman Islands | 0.4059 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 56.8% | volatile |
| 185 | Bermuda | 0.3057 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 186 | Tonga | 0.2929 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 19.3% | rising |
| 187 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.2455 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 14.5% | volatile |
| 188 | Grenada | 0.241 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 48.7% | rising |
| 189 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.2378 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 173.0% | volatile |
| 190 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.1855 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 38.0% | rising |
| 191 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.1852 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 27.5% | rising |
| 192 | Dominica | 0.1524 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 193 | Kiribati | 0.1152 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 30.6% | rising |
| 194 | British Virgin Islands | 0.1083 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 27.6% | volatile |
| 195 | Faroe Islands | 0.0966 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 196 | Micronesia (country) | 0.0614 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 28.5% | rising |
| 197 | United States Virgin Islands | 0.0245 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 0.4% | flat |
| 198 | Guam | 0.018 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 9.8% | falling |
| 199 | American Samoa | 0.0089 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 1.1% | rising |
| 200 | Northern Mariana Islands | 0.0041 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 200 | Tuvalu | 0.0041 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 202 | Marshall Islands | 0.004 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 37.9% | rising |
| 203 | Nauru | 0.0014 Mt CO2e | 2024 | up 16.7% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 53,206 Mt CO2e
- IDA & IBRD total 37,252 Mt CO2e
- Low & middle income 34,034 Mt CO2e
- IBRD only 33,994 Mt CO2e
- Middle income 32,980 Mt CO2e
- Upper middle income 25,498 Mt CO2e
- Late-demographic dividend 23,444 Mt CO2e
- East Asia & Pacific 21,427 Mt CO2e
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 18,888 Mt CO2e
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 18,798 Mt CO2e
- High income 17,426 Mt CO2e
- OECD members 14,243 Mt CO2e
About this data
A measure of annual emissions of the six greenhouse gases (GHG) covered by the Kyoto Protocol (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulphurhexafluoride (SF6)) from the energy, industry, waste, and agriculture sectors, standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values. This measure excludes GHG fluxes caused by Land Use Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF), as these fluxes have larger uncertainties. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values using the Global Warming Potential (GWP) factors of IPCC's 5th Assessment Report (AR5).