Reserves and related items (BoP, current US$) by country
Reserves and related items is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. Reserve assets are external assets, including monetary gold, that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting...
Countries reporting
193
Highest
63.57 billion BoP, current US$
Russia
Lowest
-49.94 billion BoP, current US$
China
Median
135.43 million BoP, current US$
Years covered
66
1960–2025
Data points
7,728
What the numbers show
Reserves and related items (BoP, current US$) is currently reported for 193 countries. The highest value is 63.57 billion BoP, current US$ in Russia; the lowest is -49.94 billion BoP, current US$ in China.
The median across all reporting countries is 135.43 million BoP, current US$, and the mean is 1.03 billion BoP, current US$.
Over the past decade 119 countries rose and 74 fell. The largest increase was in Marshall Islands (up 9,079,550.0%), and the largest decrease in Guinea (down 10,921.4%).
Reserves and related items: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Russia | 63.57 billion BoP, current US$ | 2021 | up 403.0% | volatile |
| 2 | Japan | 37.05 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 622.7% | volatile |
| 3 | Singapore | 26.18 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 2,387.2% | volatile |
| 4 | Switzerland | 22.45 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 77.3% | volatile |
| 5 | Saudi Arabia | 21.83 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 118.9% | volatile |
| 6 | Thailand | 18.42 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 214.3% | volatile |
| 7 | United Kingdom | 12.82 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 59.1% | volatile |
| 8 | Czechia | 12.38 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 13.3% | volatile |
| 9 | Mexico | 11.41 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 172.8% | volatile |
| 10 | Brazil | 8.77 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 459.1% | volatile |
| 11 | Poland | 8.04 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 632.0% | volatile |
| 12 | Peru | 7.84 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 44,955.8% | volatile |
| 13 | Morocco | 6.39 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 48.4% | volatile |
| 14 | Romania | 5.48 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 512.6% | volatile |
| 15 | New Zealand | 5.21 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 1,099.6% | volatile |
| 16 | Nigeria | 5.00 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 185.5% | volatile |
| 17 | Bangladesh | 4.79 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 11.6% | volatile |
| 18 | Colombia | 4.67 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 1,020.5% | volatile |
| 19 | France | 4.34 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 45.7% | volatile |
| 20 | Malaysia | 3.85 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 129.2% | volatile |
| 21 | Nepal | 3.42 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 304.1% | volatile |
| 22 | Ghana | 3.40 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 4,230.0% | volatile |
| 23 | Hungary | 3.35 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 162.2% | volatile |
| 24 | Australia | 3.35 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 242.8% | volatile |
| 25 | Pakistan | 3.00 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 22.1% | volatile |
| 26 | Guatemala | 2.93 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 2,228.1% | volatile |
| 27 | Costa Rica | 2.87 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 346.0% | volatile |
| 28 | Tajikistan | 2.73 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 9,140.0% | volatile |
| 29 | United States | 2.60 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 141.2% | volatile |
| 30 | Sweden | 2.46 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 88.0% | volatile |
| 31 | Belarus | 2.35 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 532.4% | volatile |
| 32 | Chile | 2.26 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 900.2% | volatile |
| 33 | Syria | 2.08 billion BoP, current US$ | 2010 | up 155.1% | volatile |
| 34 | Honduras | 2.06 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 571.5% | volatile |
| 35 | Uzbekistan | 2.02 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 827.8% | volatile |
| 36 | Italy | 2.00 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 236.8% | volatile |
| 37 | South Africa | 1.96 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 272.2% | volatile |
| 38 | Cote d'Ivoire | 1.73 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 167.4% | volatile |
| 39 | Jordan | 1.71 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 14.0% | volatile |
| 40 | Austria | 1.68 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 561.9% | volatile |
| 41 | Sri Lanka | 1.50 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 34.0% | volatile |
| 42 | Denmark | 1.43 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 117.6% | volatile |
| 43 | Kenya | 1.42 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 3.1% | volatile |
| 44 | Dominican Republic | 1.42 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 82.9% | volatile |
| 45 | Uruguay | 1.40 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 183.7% | volatile |
| 46 | Armenia | 1.40 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 309.7% | volatile |
| 47 | Albania | 1.35 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 133.4% | volatile |
| 48 | Finland | 1.25 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 569.6% | volatile |
| 49 | Spain | 1.17 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 79.2% | volatile |
| 50 | Cambodia | 1.17 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 40.4% | volatile |
| 51 | Mauritius | 1.08 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 43.1% | volatile |
| 52 | Canada | 1.08 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 87.3% | volatile |
| 53 | Tunisia | 1.04 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 892.3% | volatile |
| 54 | Georgia | 964.03 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 825.6% | volatile |
| 55 | Iran | 951.72 million BoP, current US$ | 2000 | up 393.0% | volatile |
| 56 | El Salvador | 875.23 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 674.3% | volatile |
| 57 | Ecuador | 864.15 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 158.2% | volatile |
| 58 | Germany | 852.52 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 135.2% | volatile |
| 59 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 839.97 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 394.6% | volatile |
| 60 | Qatar | 761.93 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 113.8% | volatile |
| 61 | Slovakia | 718.58 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 114.4% | volatile |
| 62 | Nicaragua | 698.32 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 122.8% | volatile |
| 63 | Ethiopia | 632.14 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 150.0% | volatile |
| 64 | Mongolia | 629.52 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 233.7% | volatile |
| 65 | Namibia | 628.80 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 511.5% | volatile |
| 66 | Iceland | 611.09 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 57.0% | volatile |
| 67 | Burkina Faso | 585.19 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 306.8% | volatile |
| 68 | Jamaica | 583.07 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 46.9% | volatile |
| 69 | Portugal | 565.63 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 406.4% | volatile |
| 70 | Turkey | 560.57 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 215.7% | volatile |
| 71 | Oman | 548.31 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 50.9% | volatile |
| 72 | Afghanistan | 499.58 million BoP, current US$ | 2020 | down 50.9% | volatile |
| 73 | Cameroon | 482.23 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 269.6% | volatile |
| 74 | Zimbabwe | 472.58 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 479.6% | volatile |
| 75 | Laos | 425.62 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 166.6% | volatile |
| 76 | Paraguay | 383.58 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 168.5% | volatile |
| 77 | Cape Verde | 369.03 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 900.7% | volatile |
| 78 | Latvia | 342.50 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 1.5% | volatile |
| 79 | Brunei | 339.30 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 1,104.3% | volatile |
| 80 | Azerbaijan | 333.05 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 104.0% | volatile |
| 81 | Belgium | 317.00 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 129.5% | volatile |
| 82 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 315.70 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 42.6% | volatile |
| 83 | Slovenia | 314.33 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 354.9% | volatile |
| 84 | Montenegro | 299.52 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 219.6% | volatile |
| 85 | Macao | 283.66 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 267.1% | volatile |
| 86 | Rwanda | 261.22 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 388.9% | volatile |
| 87 | Senegal | 258.32 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | up 193.0% | volatile |
| 88 | Croatia | 252.55 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 133.1% | volatile |
| 89 | Palestine | 252.30 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 353.1% | volatile |
| 90 | Libya | 245.34 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | up 103.5% | volatile |
| 91 | Bahamas | 242.14 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 369.5% | volatile |
| 92 | Kyrgyzstan | 232.85 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 188.0% | volatile |
| 93 | Malta | 214.70 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 616.0% | volatile |
| 94 | Moldova | 202.80 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 176.3% | volatile |
| 95 | Estonia | 151.05 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 478.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Fiji | 143.99 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 464.4% | volatile |
| 97 | San Marino | 135.43 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | up 168.2% | volatile |
| 98 | Myanmar | 128.90 million BoP, current US$ | 2019 | down 89.3% | volatile |
| 99 | Mozambique | 101.69 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 194.7% | volatile |
| 100 | Eswatini | 99.09 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 517.9% | volatile |
| 101 | Maldives | 83.57 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 67.0% | volatile |
| 102 | Seychelles | 81.21 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 97.1% | volatile |
| 103 | Malawi | 77.33 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 57.2% | volatile |
| 104 | Lesotho | 75.53 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 33.3% | volatile |
| 105 | Samoa | 75.23 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 56.9% | volatile |
| 106 | Togo | 74.89 million BoP, current US$ | 2020 | up 436.8% | volatile |
| 107 | Belize | 59.14 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 157.0% | volatile |
| 108 | Saint Lucia | 42.67 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 33.1% | volatile |
| 109 | Antigua and Barbuda | 33.43 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 56.9% | volatile |
| 110 | Guinea-Bissau | 31.90 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 75.1% | volatile |
| 111 | Curacao | 31.36 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | up 189.2% | volatile |
| 112 | Cyprus | 30.98 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 106.8% | volatile |
| 113 | East Timor | 23.07 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 89.5% | volatile |
| 114 | Burundi | 21.67 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 113.2% | volatile |
| 115 | Liberia | 19.61 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 165.1% | volatile |
| 116 | Cayman Islands | 19.37 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 623.1% | volatile |
| 117 | Sao Tome and Principe | 16.68 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 953.0% | volatile |
| 118 | Solomon Islands | 16.21 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 2,213.8% | volatile |
| 119 | Central African Republic | 13.09 million BoP, current US$ | 1994 | up 3,338.8% | volatile |
| 120 | Madagascar | 11.87 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 187.7% | volatile |
| 121 | Vanuatu | 11.71 million BoP, current US$ | 2022 | up 116.4% | volatile |
| 122 | Micronesia (country) | 10.51 million BoP, current US$ | 2014 | up 27.5% | volatile |
| 123 | Tuvalu | 7.90 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | down 37.5% | volatile |
| 124 | Luxembourg | 7.88 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 114.0% | volatile |
| 125 | Marshall Islands | 6.68 million BoP, current US$ | 2021 | up 9,079,550.0% | volatile |
| 126 | Chad | 5.54 million BoP, current US$ | 1994 | down 66.9% | volatile |
| 127 | Tonga | 5.35 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 67.1% | volatile |
| 128 | Dominica | 4.01 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 78.2% | volatile |
| 129 | Nauru | 3.87 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 56.9% | volatile |
| 130 | Palau | -2.01 BoP, current US$ | 2015 | down 100.2% | volatile |
| 131 | Equatorial Guinea | -5.46 million BoP, current US$ | 1996 | up 78.6% | rising |
| 132 | Bermuda | -6.63 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | down 180.2% | volatile |
| 133 | Comoros | -7.66 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | down 125.0% | volatile |
| 134 | Bhutan | -9.81 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 113.9% | volatile |
| 135 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | -14.61 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 2,416.9% | volatile |
| 136 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | -15.65 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | up 25.9% | volatile |
| 137 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | -22.04 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 233.8% | volatile |
| 138 | Sierra Leone | -24.52 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 97.5% | volatile |
| 139 | Ukraine | -30.74 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 99.8% | volatile |
| 140 | Niger | -35.19 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 115.0% | volatile |
| 141 | Guyana | -35.96 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | down 172.8% | volatile |
| 142 | Grenada | -40.26 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 246.3% | volatile |
| 143 | Kiribati | -51.71 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 147.9% | volatile |
| 145 | Eritrea | -64.33 million BoP, current US$ | 2000 | down 2,576.5% | volatile |
| 146 | Aruba | -145.50 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | down 222.0% | volatile |
| 147 | Djibouti | -148.91 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 395.9% | volatile |
| 148 | Ireland | -155.00 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 101.4% | volatile |
| 149 | South Sudan | -157.01 million BoP, current US$ | 2023 | up 69.9% | volatile |
| 150 | Mauritania | -173.68 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 55.0% | volatile |
| 151 | Suriname | -175.60 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 41.9% | volatile |
| 152 | Papua New Guinea | -217.82 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 78.9% | volatile |
| 153 | Gambia | -228.77 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 816.5% | volatile |
| 154 | Bahrain | -228.96 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 131.8% | volatile |
| 155 | Congo | -231.60 million BoP, current US$ | 2021 | down 116.1% | volatile |
| 156 | Barbados | -249.49 million BoP, current US$ | 2017 | down 221.9% | volatile |
| 157 | Greece | -281.24 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 105.1% | volatile |
| 158 | Egypt | -287.30 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 57.4% | volatile |
| 159 | Trinidad and Tobago | -291.04 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 81.1% | volatile |
| 160 | Tanzania | -314.24 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 28.9% | volatile |
| 161 | North Macedonia | -341.25 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 648.6% | volatile |
| 162 | Gabon | -377.88 million BoP, current US$ | 2015 | down 267.3% | volatile |
| 163 | Mali | -413.65 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 14.9% | volatile |
| 164 | Guinea | -560.35 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 10,921.4% | volatile |
| 165 | Algeria | -612.06 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 89.6% | volatile |
| 166 | Uganda | -659.01 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 914.7% | volatile |
| 167 | Netherlands | -753.11 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | up 71.0% | volatile |
| 168 | Lithuania | -820.93 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 44.6% | volatile |
| 169 | Zambia | -829.98 million BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 375.8% | volatile |
| 170 | Angola | -937.09 million BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 65.2% | volatile |
| 171 | Haiti | -1.16 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 11.1% | volatile |
| 172 | Benin | -1.22 billion BoP, current US$ | 2023 | down 2,211.2% | volatile |
| 173 | Yemen | -1.37 billion BoP, current US$ | 2016 | down 222.9% | volatile |
| 174 | Bolivia | -1.50 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 7.0% | volatile |
| 175 | Botswana | -1.54 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 339.9% | volatile |
| 176 | Serbia | -1.65 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 571.6% | volatile |
| 177 | Norway | -1.99 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 59.9% | volatile |
| 178 | Lebanon | -2.04 billion BoP, current US$ | 2023 | down 199.1% | volatile |
| 179 | Israel | -2.38 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 132.5% | volatile |
| 180 | Panama | -2.68 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 3,365.8% | volatile |
| 181 | Sudan | -2.74 billion BoP, current US$ | 2022 | down 53.1% | volatile |
| 182 | Bulgaria | -3.56 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 188.0% | volatile |
| 183 | Kuwait | -4.07 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 43.9% | volatile |
| 184 | South Korea | -4.53 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 137.6% | volatile |
| 185 | Kazakhstan | -5.37 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 599.5% | volatile |
| 186 | Philippines | -5.66 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 316.5% | volatile |
| 187 | Venezuela | -6.35 billion BoP, current US$ | 2016 | down 229.5% | volatile |
| 188 | Argentina | -7.22 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 47.2% | volatile |
| 189 | Indonesia | -7.85 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 614.7% | volatile |
| 190 | Vietnam | -9.13 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 209.0% | volatile |
| 191 | Hong Kong | -11.46 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 163.9% | volatile |
| 192 | Iraq | -12.75 billion BoP, current US$ | 2024 | down 16.3% | volatile |
| 193 | India | -21.68 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | down 149.2% | volatile |
| 194 | China | -49.94 billion BoP, current US$ | 2025 | up 85.4% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
About this data
Reserves and related items is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. Reserve assets are external assets, including monetary gold, that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, for intervention in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). Reserve assets must be denominated and settled in foreign currency.Also included are net credit and loans from the IMF (excluding reserve position) and total exceptional financing. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.