Gross capital formation (annual % growth) by country
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.
Countries reporting
167
Highest
466.9%
Eritrea
Lowest
-41.2%
Djibouti
Median
4.5%
Years covered
65
1961–2025
Data points
8,398
What the numbers show
Gross capital formation (annual % growth) is currently reported for 167 countries. The highest value is 466.9% in Eritrea; the lowest is -41.2% in Djibouti.
The median across all reporting countries is 4.5%, and the mean is 8.4%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 11.
Over the past decade 87 countries rose and 80 fell. The largest increase was in Maldives (up 17,633.3%), and the largest decrease in Greece (down 613.2%).
Gross capital formation: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eritrea | 466.9% | 2011 | up 531.1% | volatile |
| 2 | Yemen | 181.8% | 2018 | up 2,670.2% | volatile |
| 3 | Tunisia | 69.7% | 2025 | up 2,911.8% | volatile |
| 4 | Kyrgyzstan | 42.9% | 2025 | up 1,963.5% | volatile |
| 5 | Ireland | 39.8% | 2025 | down 27.2% | volatile |
| 6 | El Salvador | 34.5% | 2025 | up 627.3% | volatile |
| 7 | East Timor | 32.2% | 2024 | up 339.7% | volatile |
| 8 | Kiribati | 32.1% | 2024 | up 809.4% | volatile |
| 9 | Guinea | 26.8% | 2025 | up 176.8% | volatile |
| 10 | Paraguay | 23.3% | 2025 | up 603.7% | volatile |
| 11 | Sao Tome and Principe | 21.9% | 2025 | up 363.4% | volatile |
| 12 | Moldova | 20.7% | 2025 | up 304.3% | volatile |
| 13 | Maldives | 20.4% | 2024 | up 17,633.3% | volatile |
| 14 | Bahamas | 19.8% | 2024 | up 52.7% | volatile |
| 15 | Lithuania | 19.3% | 2025 | down 24.7% | volatile |
| 16 | Sierra Leone | 18.7% | 2025 | up 166.3% | volatile |
| 17 | Malawi | 18.6% | 2025 | up 507.7% | volatile |
| 18 | Latvia | 18.3% | 2025 | up 318.3% | volatile |
| 19 | Argentina | 17.7% | 2025 | up 289.2% | volatile |
| 20 | Nicaragua | 17.1% | 2025 | down 38.0% | volatile |
| 21 | Mozambique | 15.9% | 2025 | up 226.8% | volatile |
| 22 | Armenia | 15.6% | 2025 | up 587.5% | volatile |
| 23 | Ukraine | 15.5% | 2025 | up 29.0% | volatile |
| 24 | Morocco | 14.9% | 2025 | up 165.1% | volatile |
| 25 | Burkina Faso | 14.8% | 2025 | up 7.8% | volatile |
| 26 | Albania | 14.2% | 2024 | up 1,222.4% | volatile |
| 27 | Botswana | 14.0% | 2024 | up 12.9% | volatile |
| 28 | Marshall Islands | 13.8% | 2024 | up 180.5% | volatile |
| 29 | Peru | 13.5% | 2025 | up 478.7% | volatile |
| 30 | Honduras | 13.4% | 2025 | down 40.3% | volatile |
| 31 | Vanuatu | 13.2% | 2024 | up 565.7% | volatile |
| 32 | Cape Verde | 13.1% | 2025 | up 181.3% | volatile |
| 33 | Ghana | 13.0% | 2024 | up 185.6% | volatile |
| 34 | Pakistan | 11.8% | 2025 | down 6.2% | volatile |
| 35 | Samoa | 11.7% | 2025 | up 56.8% | volatile |
| 36 | Gabon | 11.3% | 2025 | up 182.3% | volatile |
| 37 | Tonga | 11.1% | 2024 | up 29.3% | volatile |
| 38 | Cote d'Ivoire | 11.1% | 2025 | up 5.4% | volatile |
| 39 | Algeria | 11.0% | 2025 | up 77.9% | volatile |
| 40 | Benin | 10.7% | 2025 | down 23.3% | volatile |
| 41 | Rwanda | 10.5% | 2025 | down 41.6% | volatile |
| 42 | Switzerland | 10.3% | 2025 | up 1,209.8% | volatile |
| 43 | Cameroon | 10.1% | 2025 | up 366.7% | volatile |
| 44 | Sri Lanka | 9.8% | 2025 | down 18.6% | volatile |
| 45 | Tanzania | 9.5% | 2025 | up 437.3% | volatile |
| 46 | Chad | 9.3% | 2025 | up 175.0% | volatile |
| 47 | Madagascar | 9.3% | 2025 | down 42.2% | volatile |
| 48 | Palau | 9.2% | 2024 | down 74.6% | volatile |
| 49 | Malaysia | 9.1% | 2025 | down 46.4% | volatile |
| 50 | Chile | 8.9% | 2025 | up 331.7% | volatile |
| 51 | Somalia | 8.7% | 2025 | down 24.3% | volatile |
| 52 | Vietnam | 8.7% | 2025 | down 9.8% | volatile |
| 53 | Libya | 8.6% | 2025 | up 119.6% | volatile |
| 55 | Croatia | 8.4% | 2025 | down 17.9% | volatile |
| 56 | Belarus | 8.4% | 2025 | up 145.9% | volatile |
| 57 | Gambia | 8.3% | 2025 | down 74.9% | volatile |
| 58 | Guatemala | 8.2% | 2025 | up 476.1% | volatile |
| 59 | Montenegro | 8.0% | 2025 | up 1.9% | volatile |
| 60 | North Macedonia | 8.0% | 2025 | down 3.4% | volatile |
| 61 | Mali | 7.7% | 2025 | up 1.0% | volatile |
| 62 | Israel | 7.4% | 2025 | up 2,870.4% | volatile |
| 63 | Uganda | 7.2% | 2025 | up 845.5% | volatile |
| 64 | Laos | 7.0% | 2016 | down 74.4% | volatile |
| 65 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 6.8% | 2025 | up 132.8% | volatile |
| 66 | Lesotho | 6.8% | 2025 | up 228.3% | volatile |
| 67 | India | 6.5% | 2025 | down 8.1% | volatile |
| 68 | Iceland | 5.9% | 2025 | down 71.7% | volatile |
| 69 | Kenya | 5.8% | 2025 | up 243.0% | volatile |
| 70 | Spain | 5.8% | 2025 | down 47.6% | volatile |
| 71 | Portugal | 5.8% | 2025 | down 1.8% | volatile |
| 72 | Kazakhstan | 5.6% | 2024 | down 34.9% | volatile |
| 73 | United Kingdom | 5.6% | 2025 | up 102.1% | volatile |
| 74 | Ecuador | 5.5% | 2025 | up 142.4% | volatile |
| 75 | Slovenia | 5.5% | 2025 | up 608.2% | volatile |
| 76 | Romania | 5.4% | 2025 | down 6.3% | volatile |
| 77 | Estonia | 5.4% | 2025 | up 200.9% | volatile |
| 78 | Bhutan | 5.3% | 2024 | up 165.3% | volatile |
| 79 | Congo | 4.9% | 2025 | down 79.2% | volatile |
| 80 | Poland | 4.8% | 2025 | down 12.0% | volatile |
| 81 | Serbia | 4.8% | 2025 | down 61.1% | volatile |
| 82 | Palestine | 4.6% | 2025 | down 66.1% | volatile |
| 83 | Czechia | 4.5% | 2025 | down 61.0% | volatile |
| 84 | Belize | 4.5% | 2024 | down 82.9% | volatile |
| 85 | Sudan | 4.5% | 2025 | up 2,349.1% | volatile |
| 86 | Brazil | 4.4% | 2025 | up 123.1% | volatile |
| 87 | Uruguay | 4.3% | 2025 | up 147.5% | volatile |
| 88 | Mauritania | 4.2% | 2025 | up 161.2% | volatile |
| 89 | United Arab Emirates | 4.2% | 2023 | up 215.5% | volatile |
| 90 | Singapore | 4.1% | 2025 | up 139.0% | volatile |
| 91 | Indonesia | 4.0% | 2025 | up 34.3% | volatile |
| 92 | Saudi Arabia | 3.9% | 2025 | up 43.8% | volatile |
| 93 | Comoros | 3.8% | 2025 | up 162.4% | volatile |
| 94 | Cambodia | 3.7% | 2025 | down 62.4% | volatile |
| 95 | France | 3.7% | 2025 | up 121.1% | volatile |
| 96 | United States | 3.5% | 2024 | down 32.5% | volatile |
| 97 | Bahrain | 3.5% | 2024 | down 26.0% | volatile |
| 98 | Puerto Rico | 3.4% | 2025 | up 115.3% | volatile |
| 99 | Ethiopia | 3.4% | 2025 | down 86.9% | volatile |
| 100 | Bermuda | 3.3% | 2024 | up 170.6% | volatile |
| 101 | Costa Rica | 3.3% | 2025 | down 16.8% | volatile |
| 102 | Cuba | 3.3% | 2024 | up 168.0% | volatile |
| 103 | Germany | 3.1% | 2025 | up 308.9% | volatile |
| 104 | Nepal | 3.0% | 2025 | down 56.4% | volatile |
| 105 | Sweden | 2.8% | 2025 | down 67.4% | volatile |
| 106 | Angola | 2.6% | 2024 | down 53.3% | volatile |
| 107 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 2.5% | 2025 | up 236.0% | volatile |
| 108 | Italy | 2.4% | 2025 | up 39.7% | volatile |
| 109 | Malta | 2.2% | 2025 | down 96.5% | volatile |
| 110 | Colombia | 2.1% | 2025 | up 281.4% | volatile |
| 111 | Austria | 2.0% | 2025 | down 32.0% | volatile |
| 112 | South Sudan | 2.0% | 2015 | up 109.5% | volatile |
| 113 | China | 1.9% | 2025 | down 45.4% | volatile |
| 114 | Solomon Islands | 1.9% | 2024 | up 127.9% | volatile |
| 115 | Netherlands | 1.8% | 2025 | down 93.8% | volatile |
| 116 | Azerbaijan | 1.5% | 2014 | down 94.1% | volatile |
| 117 | Canada | 1.4% | 2025 | up 121.0% | volatile |
| 118 | Zimbabwe | 1.1% | 2024 | down 91.2% | volatile |
| 119 | Slovakia | 1.1% | 2025 | down 94.3% | volatile |
| 120 | South Africa | 0.7% | 2025 | down 82.2% | volatile |
| 121 | Hungary | 0.5% | 2025 | up 125.7% | volatile |
| 122 | Belgium | 0.3% | 2025 | down 93.7% | volatile |
| 123 | Papua New Guinea | 0.0% | 2004 | down 99.9% | volatile |
| 124 | Bulgaria | 0.0% | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 125 | Finland | -0.5% | 2025 | down 235.2% | volatile |
| 126 | Seychelles | -0.7% | 2025 | down 168.6% | volatile |
| 127 | Japan | -0.8% | 2024 | down 118.5% | volatile |
| 128 | Luxembourg | -1.2% | 2025 | down 232.9% | volatile |
| 129 | Philippines | -1.7% | 2025 | down 112.6% | volatile |
| 130 | South Korea | -1.7% | 2025 | down 126.9% | volatile |
| 131 | Niger | -2.2% | 2025 | down 120.9% | volatile |
| 132 | Bangladesh | -2.5% | 2025 | down 134.5% | volatile |
| 133 | Norway | -2.8% | 2025 | up 28.7% | volatile |
| 134 | Mauritius | -3.1% | 2025 | up 43.4% | volatile |
| 135 | Venezuela | -3.4% | 2025 | up 85.8% | volatile |
| 136 | Denmark | -3.4% | 2025 | down 182.5% | volatile |
| 137 | New Zealand | -3.5% | 2024 | down 140.0% | volatile |
| 138 | Greece | -3.5% | 2025 | down 613.2% | volatile |
| 139 | Greenland | -3.6% | 2023 | up 82.7% | volatile |
| 140 | Dominican Republic | -4.4% | 2025 | down 123.5% | volatile |
| 141 | Tajikistan | -4.4% | 2024 | down 125.0% | volatile |
| 142 | Cyprus | -4.6% | 2025 | down 258.1% | volatile |
| 143 | Russia | -4.9% | 2025 | up 58.6% | volatile |
| 144 | Turkmenistan | -5.2% | 2006 | down 120.5% | volatile |
| 145 | Georgia | -5.5% | 2025 | down 165.3% | volatile |
| 146 | Egypt | -5.5% | 2025 | down 163.6% | volatile |
| 147 | Senegal | -5.6% | 2025 | down 147.7% | volatile |
| 148 | Oman | -5.9% | 2024 | up 64.9% | volatile |
| 149 | Brunei | -6.0% | 2025 | down 191.2% | volatile |
| 150 | Mexico | -6.3% | 2025 | down 255.5% | volatile |
| 151 | Guinea-Bissau | -6.4% | 2025 | up 58.3% | volatile |
| 152 | Panama | -7.1% | 2024 | down 217.6% | volatile |
| 153 | Mongolia | -7.2% | 2025 | up 72.6% | volatile |
| 154 | Macao | -7.8% | 2025 | down 335.6% | volatile |
| 155 | Central African Republic | -8.6% | 2025 | down 153.2% | volatile |
| 156 | Togo | -10.3% | 2023 | down 117.3% | volatile |
| 157 | Qatar | -10.4% | 2020 | down 264.5% | volatile |
| 158 | Iran | -10.5% | 2025 | up 73.2% | volatile |
| 159 | Bolivia | -10.5% | 2024 | down 183.8% | volatile |
| 160 | Haiti | -15.3% | 2025 | down 36.3% | volatile |
| 161 | Equatorial Guinea | -17.5% | 2025 | up 55.3% | volatile |
| 162 | Kuwait | -18.3% | 2024 | down 350.9% | volatile |
| 163 | Eswatini | -22.4% | 2024 | down 208.4% | volatile |
| 164 | Namibia | -25.6% | 2025 | down 297.2% | volatile |
| 165 | San Marino | -27.7% | 2023 | down 207.2% | volatile |
| 166 | Lebanon | -31.6% | 2024 | down 517.0% | volatile |
| 167 | Iraq | -40.5% | 2024 | down 582.5% | volatile |
| 168 | Djibouti | -41.2% | 2025 | up 84.2% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Kosovo 8.5%
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 7.4%
- Lower middle income 6.2%
- South Asia 5.8%
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 5.8%
- IDA total 5.6%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 5.4%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 5.4%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 5.4%
- Low income 5.3%
- Central Europe and the Baltics 5.0%
- IDA only 4.2%
About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.