Government spending on education overall vs. primary education in India

India: Government spending on education overall vs. primary education was 4.1% in 2022. ▲ Rising

Latest (2022)
4.1%
Change on year
down 11.5%
World rank
102nd
of 199 countries
All-time high
4.6%
in 2021
All-time low
3.1%
in 2006
Years of data
22
1997–2022

Government spending on education overall vs. primary education in India, 1997–2022

0123451997200920221997: 3.4 % of GDP1998: 3.6 % of GDP1999: 4.4 % of GDP2000: 4.3 % of GDP2003: 3.6 % of GDP2004: 3.4 % of GDP2005: 3.2 % of GDP2006: 3.1 % of GDP2009: 3.3 % of GDP2010: 3.4 % of GDP2011: 3.8 % of GDP2012: 3.9 % of GDP2013: 3.8 % of GDP2014: 3.9 % of GDP2015: 4.1 % of GDP2016: 4.3 % of GDP2017: 4.3 % of GDP2018: 4.4 % of GDP2019: 3.9 % of GDP2020: 4.3 % of GDP2021: 4.6 % of GDP2022: 4.1 % of GDP

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data. Measured in % of GDP.

Analysis

In 2022, government spending on education overall vs. primary education in India stood at 4.1%.

Compared with earlier readings it is down 11.5% on the previous year and up 6.0% over ten years.

Over the whole period, government spending on education overall vs. primary education in India peaked at 4.6% in 2021 and was at its lowest, 3.1%, in 2006.

India ranks 102nd of 199 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 22 years of available data.

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 3.8% 3.4% 4.4% 3
2000s 3.5% 3.1% 4.3% 6
2010s 4.0% 3.4% 4.4% 10
2020s 4.3% 4.1% 4.6% 3

Countries ranked near India

  1. 99 Mali 4.2% compare
  2. 100 Russia 4.2% compare
  3. 101 Togo 4.1% compare
  4. 103 Croatia 4.1% compare
  5. 104 Niger 4.1% compare
  6. 105 Zambia 4.1% compare

See the full ranking of 199 places →

More reference data data for India

All data for India →

Frequently asked questions

What is government spending on education overall vs. primary education in India?
Government spending on education overall vs. primary education in India was 4.1% in 2022, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data.
What is the highest government spending on education overall vs. primary education recorded in India?
The highest recorded value was 4.6% in 2021.
What is the lowest government spending on education overall vs. primary education recorded in India?
The lowest recorded value was 3.1% in 2006.
How does India rank for government spending on education overall vs. primary education?
India ranks 102nd out of 199 countries with data for 2022.
Is government spending on education overall vs. primary education rising or falling in India?
Over the last ten years it is up 6.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this India data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Government spending on education overall vs. primary education. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Download this data

CSV · JSON — 22 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).

About this data

Indicator
Government spending on education overall vs. primary education
Unit
% of GDP
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
199 places, 5,140 data points, 1970–2025
Last refreshed

Total annual general government spending on all levels of education, expressed as a percentage of GDP.