PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Spain
Spain: PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure was 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023. ▼ Falling
PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Spain, 1990–2023
Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates and Risk Curves 1990-2023, GBD Collaborator Network. Measured in micrograms per cubic meter.
Analysis
Spain recorded 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter for pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in 2023. That is the lowest value across all 34 years on record.
The figure is down 15.5% on the previous year and down 1.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Spain peaked at 16.65 micrograms per cubic meter in 2000 and was at its lowest, 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter, in 2023.
Spain ranks 155th of 200 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 34 years of available data.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 16.28 micrograms per cubic meter | 15.8 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.5 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2000s | 14.82 micrograms per cubic meter | 12.97 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.65 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2010s | 11.01 micrograms per cubic meter | 10.22 micrograms per cubic meter | 12.09 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2020s | 10.59 micrograms per cubic meter | 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter | 11.93 micrograms per cubic meter | 4 |
Countries ranked near Spain
- 152 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 10.6 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 153 Saint Lucia 10.43 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 154 Comoros 10.17 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 156 Austria 10.03 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 157 Solomon Islands 9.77 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 158 United Kingdom 9.46 micrograms per cubic meter compare
More urban development data for Spain
- Population in the largest city 17.1% (2025)
- Population density 96.76 people per sq. km of land area (2023)
- Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million 12.54 million (2025)
- Population in largest city 6.81 million (2025)
- PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO guidel 41.1% (2017)
Frequently asked questions
- What is pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Spain?
- Pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Spain was 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023, according to Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates and Risk Curves 1990-2023, GBD Collaborator Network.
- What is the highest pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 16.65 micrograms per cubic meter in 2000.
- What is the lowest pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023.
- How does Spain rank for pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure?
- Spain ranks 155th out of 200 countries with data for 2023.
- Is pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is down 1.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates and Risk Curves 1990-2023, GBD Collaborator Network, published as part of PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 34 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Population-weighted exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution is defined as the average level of exposure of a nation's population to concentrations of suspended particles measuring less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing severe health damage. Exposure is calculated by weighting mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 by population in both urban and rural areas.