Employers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) by country
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a...
Countries reporting
186
Highest
15.6%
East Timor
Lowest
0.1%
Pakistan
Median
2.0%
Years covered
35
1991–2025
Data points
8,176
What the numbers show
Employers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) is currently reported for 186 countries. The highest value is 15.6% in East Timor; the lowest is 0.1% in Pakistan.
The median across all reporting countries is 2.0%, and the mean is 2.4%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 159.
Over the past decade 135 countries rose and 51 fell. The largest increase was in Saudi Arabia (up 1,154.4%), and the largest decrease in Kyrgyzstan (down 86.8%).
Employers, female (% of female employment): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | East Timor | 15.6% | 2025 | up 4.2% | falling |
| 2 | Djibouti | 14.6% | 2025 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 3 | Azerbaijan | 13.1% | 2025 | up 49.2% | rising |
| 4 | Nigeria | 10.4% | 2025 | up 16.5% | rising |
| 5 | Sao Tome and Principe | 8.6% | 2025 | down 1.0% | flat |
| 6 | Tonga | 8.4% | 2025 | down 51.2% | falling |
| 7 | Uzbekistan | 8.3% | 2025 | up 5.4% | falling |
| 8 | Honduras | 7.2% | 2025 | up 47.7% | rising |
| 9 | Ghana | 6.8% | 2025 | up 59.2% | rising |
| 10 | Somalia | 6.2% | 2025 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 11 | Papua New Guinea | 6.0% | 2025 | up 16.6% | rising |
| 12 | Switzerland | 5.3% | 2025 | up 100.7% | rising |
| 13 | Namibia | 5.2% | 2025 | up 79.4% | rising |
| 14 | Lesotho | 4.7% | 2025 | down 2.9% | rising |
| 15 | Australia | 4.6% | 2025 | up 7.5% | falling |
| 16 | Greece | 4.4% | 2025 | down 3.0% | rising |
| 17 | Uganda | 4.2% | 2025 | up 304.3% | volatile |
| 18 | Croatia | 4.2% | 2025 | up 25.6% | rising |
| 19 | Angola | 4.1% | 2025 | down 10.3% | rising |
| 20 | Italy | 4.1% | 2025 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 21 | New Zealand | 4.1% | 2025 | up 3.7% | falling |
| 22 | Guyana | 4.0% | 2025 | up 34.6% | rising |
| 23 | Suriname | 4.0% | 2025 | up 20.2% | volatile |
| 24 | Libya | 3.9% | 2025 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 25 | Lebanon | 3.6% | 2023 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 26 | Sierra Leone | 3.4% | 2025 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 27 | Central African Republic | 3.3% | 2025 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 28 | Morocco | 3.3% | 2025 | up 3.1% | volatile |
| 29 | South Africa | 3.3% | 2025 | up 44.5% | falling |
| 30 | El Salvador | 3.2% | 2025 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 31 | Guinea | 3.2% | 2025 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 32 | Tunisia | 3.2% | 2025 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 33 | Malaysia | 3.2% | 2025 | up 15.5% | rising |
| 34 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 3.2% | 2025 | up 98.1% | volatile |
| 35 | Bulgaria | 3.2% | 2025 | up 20.6% | rising |
| 36 | South Korea | 3.2% | 2025 | down 9.0% | rising |
| 37 | Mexico | 3.1% | 2025 | up 23.2% | rising |
| 38 | Cuba | 3.1% | 2025 | up 4.7% | volatile |
| 39 | Jamaica | 3.1% | 2025 | up 35.1% | rising |
| 40 | Trinidad and Tobago | 3.1% | 2025 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 41 | Latvia | 3.0% | 2025 | up 23.9% | rising |
| 42 | Spain | 3.0% | 2025 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 43 | Brazil | 3.0% | 2025 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 44 | France | 3.0% | 2025 | up 34.0% | rising |
| 45 | Portugal | 3.0% | 2025 | up 14.5% | falling |
| 46 | Eritrea | 2.9% | 2025 | up 14.1% | flat |
| 47 | Paraguay | 2.8% | 2025 | up 11.3% | rising |
| 48 | Nicaragua | 2.8% | 2025 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 49 | Equatorial Guinea | 2.8% | 2025 | up 13.0% | rising |
| 50 | Belize | 2.8% | 2025 | down 28.3% | rising |
| 51 | Cambodia | 2.8% | 2025 | up 23.1% | rising |
| 52 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 2.8% | 2025 | down 8.4% | falling |
| 53 | United Arab Emirates | 2.7% | 2025 | up 87.2% | rising |
| 54 | Brunei | 2.7% | 2025 | up 20.9% | rising |
| 55 | China | 2.7% | 2025 | up 32.8% | rising |
| 56 | Saudi Arabia | 2.7% | 2025 | up 1,154.4% | volatile |
| 57 | Luxembourg | 2.7% | 2025 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 58 | French Polynesia | 2.6% | 2025 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 59 | Bahrain | 2.6% | 2025 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 60 | Georgia | 2.6% | 2025 | up 102.6% | volatile |
| 61 | Iceland | 2.5% | 2025 | up 2.4% | falling |
| 62 | Madagascar | 2.5% | 2025 | up 29.1% | falling |
| 63 | Cape Verde | 2.5% | 2025 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 64 | Mongolia | 2.5% | 2025 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 65 | Poland | 2.5% | 2025 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 66 | Albania | 2.5% | 2025 | up 150.4% | rising |
| 67 | Yemen | 2.4% | 2025 | up 7.2% | falling |
| 68 | Austria | 2.4% | 2025 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 69 | North Korea | 2.4% | 2025 | up 13.3% | rising |
| 70 | Saint Lucia | 2.4% | 2025 | down 40.1% | falling |
| 71 | United States Virgin Islands | 2.4% | 2025 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 72 | Costa Rica | 2.4% | 2025 | up 36.9% | rising |
| 73 | North Macedonia | 2.3% | 2025 | down 13.9% | rising |
| 74 | Tajikistan | 2.3% | 2025 | up 1.6% | falling |
| 75 | Serbia | 2.3% | 2025 | down 1.7% | falling |
| 76 | Argentina | 2.3% | 2025 | down 0.9% | falling |
| 77 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2.3% | 2025 | up 152.4% | rising |
| 78 | Estonia | 2.3% | 2025 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 79 | New Caledonia | 2.3% | 2025 | up 266.1% | volatile |
| 80 | Guatemala | 2.2% | 2025 | down 14.1% | rising |
| 81 | Peru | 2.2% | 2025 | up 52.3% | rising |
| 82 | Venezuela | 2.2% | 2025 | up 8.5% | flat |
| 83 | Niger | 2.2% | 2025 | up 24.7% | rising |
| 84 | Guam | 2.2% | 2025 | up 17.7% | rising |
| 85 | Singapore | 2.1% | 2025 | down 38.2% | rising |
| 86 | Algeria | 2.1% | 2025 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 87 | Uruguay | 2.1% | 2025 | down 19.5% | rising |
| 88 | Eswatini | 2.1% | 2025 | up 30.3% | rising |
| 89 | Belgium | 2.1% | 2025 | up 25.3% | rising |
| 90 | Dominican Republic | 2.1% | 2025 | up 19.5% | rising |
| 91 | Bolivia | 2.1% | 2025 | up 1.5% | falling |
| 92 | South Sudan | 2.1% | 2023 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 93 | Palestine | 2.0% | 2022 | up 24.0% | volatile |
| 94 | Ireland | 2.0% | 2025 | up 19.5% | rising |
| 95 | Germany | 2.0% | 2025 | down 2.6% | rising |
| 96 | Hungary | 2.0% | 2025 | up 45.1% | rising |
| 97 | Turkmenistan | 2.0% | 2025 | up 22.4% | rising |
| 98 | Colombia | 1.9% | 2025 | down 19.8% | flat |
| 99 | Macao | 1.9% | 2025 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 100 | Indonesia | 1.9% | 2025 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 101 | Canada | 1.9% | 2025 | down 27.4% | falling |
| 102 | Philippines | 1.9% | 2025 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 103 | Netherlands | 1.8% | 2025 | up 48.9% | rising |
| 104 | Slovenia | 1.8% | 2025 | up 17.5% | rising |
| 105 | Chile | 1.8% | 2025 | down 17.3% | falling |
| 106 | Turkey | 1.7% | 2025 | up 23.5% | rising |
| 107 | Fiji | 1.7% | 2025 | up 51.5% | rising |
| 108 | Puerto Rico | 1.7% | 2025 | up 26.8% | rising |
| 109 | Zimbabwe | 1.7% | 2025 | down 5.4% | falling |
| 110 | Panama | 1.6% | 2025 | down 20.2% | rising |
| 111 | Thailand | 1.6% | 2025 | up 8.2% | rising |
| 112 | Montenegro | 1.6% | 2025 | down 2.0% | rising |
| 113 | Gambia | 1.6% | 2025 | down 1.1% | rising |
| 114 | Gabon | 1.6% | 2025 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 115 | Sweden | 1.6% | 2025 | up 16.6% | rising |
| 116 | Vanuatu | 1.6% | 2025 | up 47.3% | rising |
| 117 | Ecuador | 1.5% | 2025 | down 1.3% | falling |
| 118 | Malta | 1.5% | 2025 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 119 | Samoa | 1.5% | 2025 | up 6.3% | flat |
| 120 | Finland | 1.5% | 2025 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 121 | Iran | 1.4% | 2025 | up 21.5% | rising |
| 122 | Botswana | 1.4% | 2025 | up 14.8% | falling |
| 123 | Haiti | 1.4% | 2025 | up 8.2% | rising |
| 124 | Israel | 1.4% | 2025 | down 8.5% | rising |
| 125 | Myanmar | 1.3% | 2025 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 126 | Sudan | 1.3% | 2022 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 127 | Czechia | 1.3% | 2025 | down 30.5% | falling |
| 128 | Bahamas | 1.3% | 2025 | up 22.1% | falling |
| 129 | Denmark | 1.3% | 2025 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 130 | Iraq | 1.2% | 2025 | up 14.6% | volatile |
| 131 | Jordan | 1.2% | 2025 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 132 | Burkina Faso | 1.2% | 2025 | down 0.9% | flat |
| 133 | Slovakia | 1.2% | 2025 | down 32.3% | rising |
| 134 | United States | 1.2% | 2025 | down 7.9% | falling |
| 135 | Tanzania | 1.1% | 2025 | up 23.7% | rising |
| 136 | Vietnam | 1.1% | 2025 | down 43.1% | falling |
| 137 | Comoros | 1.1% | 2025 | up 26.8% | volatile |
| 138 | Egypt | 1.0% | 2025 | down 60.7% | volatile |
| 139 | Malawi | 1.0% | 2025 | up 37.2% | rising |
| 140 | Zambia | 1.0% | 2025 | up 60.0% | volatile |
| 141 | Liberia | 1.0% | 2025 | up 15.3% | rising |
| 142 | Maldives | 1.0% | 2025 | down 35.0% | falling |
| 143 | Mauritius | 1.0% | 2025 | down 33.7% | rising |
| 144 | Sri Lanka | 1.0% | 2025 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 145 | Rwanda | 1.0% | 2025 | up 57.1% | rising |
| 146 | Ukraine | 0.9% | 2021 | up 3.7% | falling |
| 147 | Cameroon | 0.9% | 2025 | down 53.7% | rising |
| 148 | Togo | 0.9% | 2025 | up 34.5% | rising |
| 149 | Cyprus | 0.9% | 2025 | down 0.5% | falling |
| 150 | Kazakhstan | 0.9% | 2025 | up 15.8% | rising |
| 151 | Hong Kong | 0.9% | 2025 | down 33.2% | falling |
| 152 | United Kingdom | 0.9% | 2025 | down 33.4% | falling |
| 153 | Oman | 0.9% | 2025 | up 18.2% | rising |
| 154 | Kenya | 0.9% | 2025 | down 71.7% | volatile |
| 155 | Russia | 0.8% | 2025 | down 1.2% | rising |
| 156 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.8% | 2025 | down 8.4% | volatile |
| 157 | Mauritania | 0.8% | 2025 | up 12.7% | rising |
| 158 | Syria | 0.7% | 2025 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 159 | Kuwait | 0.7% | 2025 | up 168.5% | volatile |
| 160 | Romania | 0.7% | 2025 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 161 | Benin | 0.7% | 2025 | up 103.8% | rising |
| 162 | Lithuania | 0.7% | 2025 | up 30.9% | rising |
| 163 | Bangladesh | 0.7% | 2025 | down 16.9% | volatile |
| 164 | Mozambique | 0.6% | 2025 | down 54.4% | falling |
| 165 | Japan | 0.6% | 2025 | down 23.3% | falling |
| 166 | India | 0.6% | 2025 | up 37.7% | rising |
| 167 | Burundi | 0.6% | 2025 | up 99.6% | rising |
| 168 | Afghanistan | 0.6% | 2025 | up 11.4% | volatile |
| 169 | Senegal | 0.6% | 2025 | up 37.1% | rising |
| 170 | Laos | 0.6% | 2025 | up 31.2% | rising |
| 171 | Chad | 0.6% | 2025 | up 38.0% | rising |
| 172 | Nepal | 0.5% | 2025 | up 83.7% | volatile |
| 173 | Qatar | 0.5% | 2025 | up 65.5% | volatile |
| 174 | Barbados | 0.5% | 2025 | up 0.5% | rising |
| 175 | Solomon Islands | 0.5% | 2025 | up 23.4% | rising |
| 176 | Congo | 0.5% | 2025 | up 19.7% | rising |
| 177 | Norway | 0.4% | 2025 | up 24.0% | rising |
| 178 | Armenia | 0.4% | 2025 | up 868.6% | falling |
| 179 | Bhutan | 0.3% | 2025 | up 325.3% | volatile |
| 180 | Belarus | 0.3% | 2025 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 181 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.3% | 2025 | up 31.1% | rising |
| 182 | Mali | 0.2% | 2025 | up 85.1% | rising |
| 183 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.2% | 2025 | down 86.8% | falling |
| 184 | Ethiopia | 0.1% | 2025 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 185 | Moldova | 0.1% | 2025 | down 53.1% | falling |
| 186 | Pakistan | 0.1% | 2025 | down 6.7% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Africa Western and Central 6.5%
- IDA blend 6.2%
- Pre-demographic dividend 4.4%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 3.9%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 3.9%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 3.9%
- Other small states 3.7%
- IDA total 3.3%
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 3.3%
- Small states 3.2%
- Caribbean small states 2.8%
- Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) 2.7%
About this data
Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).