Environment in Parma 16 indicators covering environment for Parma. IndicatorLatest Year10-yr change Rank Drought - Cities and FUAs — Land soil moisture anomaly 4.1 Percentage change 2025 up 373.3% 127th Historical exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly 3.79 Percentage change 2025 up 299.3% 288th Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly 3.57 Percentage change 2025 up 276.4% 309th Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions from waste 0.05 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent 2024 down 16.7% 480th River flooding exposure — Cropland share exposed to river flooding 10.41 Percentage of agricultural land area 2022 up 0.2% 457th Total and environment-related patents - FUAs — Patent applications 46.6 Patents 2022 up 81.3% 211th Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Daytime summer land 35.19 Degrees celsius 2024 down 0.5% 285th Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Daytime winter land 10.63 Degrees celsius 2024 up 34.1% 549th Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Daytime yearly land 23.6 Degrees celsius 2024 down 11.2% 503rd Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime summer land 18.83 Degrees celsius 2024 up 1.9% 432nd Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime winter land -0.2436 Degrees celsius 2024 up 87.1% 764th Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime yearly land 9.98 Degrees celsius 2024 down 5.1% 475th Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to nitrogen 56.4 Microgrammes per cubic metre 2025 — 47th Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to ozone 95.51 Microgrammes per cubic metre 2025 — 412th Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to PM10 73.27 Microgrammes per cubic metre 2025 — 119th Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to PM2.5 63.52 Microgrammes per cubic metre 2025 — 100th