Work & Labour in Northern, Southern and Western Europe 59 indicators covering work & labour for Northern, Southern and Western Europe. IndicatorLatest Year10-yr change Rank Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 226,849 2027 up 2.5% 36th Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 57.53 2027 down 0.9% 57th Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 167,477 2027 up 4.6% 37th Unemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 6.08 2027 down 27.0% 29th Labour dependency ratio 1.16 2027 down 5.8% 55th Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 126,496 2027 up 7.7% 9th Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 92,156 2027 up 7.5% 10th Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 54.03 2027 up 1.6% 60th Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) 0.9597 % change on previous year 2027 up 591.1% 75th Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate -0.3405 % change on previous year 2027 down 167.5% 77th Employment 214,295 2025 up 8.8% 37th Employment (ILO modelled estimates) 214,295 2025 up 8.8% 37th Employment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate -0.3349 % change on previous year 2025 down 127.3% 80th Employment (ILO modelled estimates), annual growth rate -0.3349 % change on previous year 2025 down 127.3% 80th SDG indicator 8.2.1: Annual growth rate of output per worker, GDP 1.71 2027 up 60.3% 55th SDG indicator 8.2.1: Annual growth rate of output per worker, GDP 1.69 2027 up 60.0% 53rd Labour force participation rate (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) 57.53 2027 down 0.9% 57th SDG indicator 10.4.1: Labour income share as a percent of GDP 58.8 2026 down 0.3% 4th Labour income share as a percent of GDP 58.8 2026 down 0.3% 4th LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment 10.21 2027 down 24.2% 41st Total weekly hours worked of employed persons 6.68 million 2027 up 2.9% 45th Ratio of total weekly hours worked to population aged 15-64 23.19 2027 up 4.1% 69th Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person 31.37 2027 down 2.1% 83rd NEET: Youth not in employment, education or training 5,452 2027 down 7.7% 56th NEET rate: Share of youth not in employment, education or training 10.61 2027 down 10.2% 81st Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 4.39 2027 down 21.6% 50th Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) 9,358 2027 down 17.7% 38th Full-time equivalent employment (ILO modelled estimates) 167,101 2027 up 2.9% 45th LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment 10.21 2027 down 24.2% 41st NEET: Youth not in employment, education or training (ILO modelled) 1.24 % change on previous year 2027 up 128.0% 54th Total weekly hours worked of employed persons (ILO modelled) -0.2747 % change on previous year 2027 down 124.4% 80th Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual -0.1394 % change on previous year 2027 up 96.7% 73rd SDG indicator 8.5.2: Unemployment rate (previous ILO definition) 6.08 2027 down 27.0% 29th Labour income distribution (ILO modelled estimates) 1.58 2025 up 14.2% 11th SDG indicator 8.6.1: Proportion of youth aged 15 to 24 years not in 10.61 2027 down 10.2% 81st Labour income distribution (ILO modelled estimates) (Decile 1) 0.3814 % change on previous year 2025 up 5.1% 41st SDG indicator 9.2.2: Manufacturing employment as a proportion of 12.98 2025 down 8.6% 34th SDG indicator 8.3.1: Proportion of informal employment in total 3.65 2027 down 31.5% 81st LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization 31,590 2027 down 20.2% 40th Jobs gap rate 12 2027 down 18.4% 38th Jobs gap 29,114 2027 down 16.9% 38th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers rate 6.3 2027 down 10.0% 43rd Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers 15,311 2027 down 7.6% 38th Employment 214,295 2025 up 8.8% 35th SDG indicator 8.8.2: Level of national compliance with labour rights 0.49 2024 down 3.9% 78th Jobs gap rate 12.02 2027 down 18.4% 38th Jobs gap 29,114 2027 down 16.9% 38th LU3: Combined rate of unemployment and potential labour force 9.45 2027 down 22.6% 37th Informal employment rate 3.65 2027 down 31.5% 81st Informal employment 7,787 2027 down 28.0% 73rd Potential labour force rate 3.58 2027 down 15.3% 50th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers 15,311 2027 down 7.6% 38th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers rate 6.32 2027 down 9.3% 44th Potential labour force rate 3.58 2027 down 15.3% 50th Potential labour force 8,429 2027 down 13.8% 42nd LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization 13.43 2027 down 21.6% 45th LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization 31,590 2027 down 20.2% 40th Labour force participation rate for persons ages 25 to 54 87.06 2023 up 1.7% 12th Labour force ages 25 to 54 152,684 2023 down 4.0% 35th