Work & Labour in Northern, Southern and Western Europe: Upper-middle income

50 indicators covering work & labour for Northern, Southern and Western Europe: Upper-middle income.

IndicatorLatest Year10-yr change Rank
Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 7,209 2027 up 0.2% 83rd
Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 56.86 2027 up 6.6% 60th
Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 5,470 2027 down 13.0% 85th
Labour dependency ratio 1.27 2027 down 22.9% 43rd
Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 59,875 2027 up 27.7% 34th
Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 18,683 2027 up 27.9% 53rd
Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 51.59 2027 up 15.3% 72nd
Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) -0.3463 % change on previous year 2027 up 72.7% 87th
Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate -0.6465 % change on previous year 2027 down 20,325.8% 82nd
Employment 6,616 2025 up 17.6% 85th
Employment (ILO modelled estimates) 6,616 2025 up 17.6% 85th
Employment (ILO modelled estimates), annual growth rate -0.7097 % change on previous year 2025 down 170.1% 85th
Employment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate -0.7097 % change on previous year 2025 down 170.1% 85th
Labour force participation rate (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) 56.86 2027 up 6.6% 60th
Labour income share as a percent of GDP 51.5 2026 up 9.6% 40th
NEET rate: Share of youth not in employment, education or training 16.71 2027 down 24.9% 55th
Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person 38.96 2027 down 1.8% 52nd
Ratio of total weekly hours worked to population aged 15-64 27.16 2027 up 21.2% 29th
Total weekly hours worked of employed persons 254,881 2027 up 6.5% 86th
Full-time equivalent employment (ILO modelled estimates) 6,372 2027 up 6.5% 86th
LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment 12.35 2027 down 42.8% 30th
LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment 12.35 2027 down 42.8% 30th
Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) 222.69 2027 down 43.3% 84th
Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 3.4 2027 down 47.7% 68th
NEET: Youth not in employment, education or training 265.76 2027 down 38.7% 86th
Total weekly hours worked of employed persons (ILO modelled) -0.4274 % change on previous year 2027 down 119.0% 84th
NEET: Youth not in employment, education or training (ILO modelled) -0.9973 % change on previous year 2027 up 83.5% 87th
Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual 0.0544 % change on previous year 2027 up 100.7% 70th
Labour income distribution (ILO modelled estimates) 1.75 2025 up 42.7% 8th
Labour income distribution (ILO modelled estimates) (Decile 1) 0.5164 % change on previous year 2025 up 109.3% 35th
LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization 1,170 2027 down 47.5% 86th
Jobs gap 1,019 2027 down 50.8% 86th
Jobs gap rate 13.5 2027 down 47.3% 28th
Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers rate 4.7 2027 down 58.0% 63rd
Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers 351.89 2027 down 61.4% 86th
Employment 6,616 2025 up 17.6% 83rd
Informal employment rate 18.54 2027 down 24.4% 67th
Informal employment 1,213 2027 down 18.1% 85th
LU3: Combined rate of unemployment and potential labour force 12.65 2027 down 45.8% 21st
Jobs gap 1,019 2027 down 50.8% 86th
Jobs gap rate 13.48 2027 down 47.3% 28th
Potential labour force rate 3.74 2027 down 56.3% 46th
Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers 351.89 2027 down 61.4% 86th
Potential labour force rate 3.74 2027 down 56.3% 46th
Potential labour force 280.13 2027 down 58.5% 86th
Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers rate 4.65 2027 down 58.6% 64th
LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization 1,170 2027 down 47.5% 86th
LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization 15.62 2027 down 44.8% 35th
Labour force participation rate for persons ages 25 to 54 82.27 2023 up 6.9% 35th
Labour force ages 25 to 54 5,428 2023 up 0.3% 87th