Work & Labour in Northern Africa: Upper-middle income 59 indicators covering work & labour for Northern Africa: Upper-middle income. IndicatorLatest Year10-yr change Rank Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 16,511 2027 up 12.6% 80th Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 41.03 2027 down 5.2% 83rd Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 23,727 2027 up 23.5% 72nd Unemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 12.98 2027 down 1.0% 6th Labour dependency ratio 2.91 2027 up 4.0% 3rd Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 63,141 2027 up 7.7% 33rd Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 21,836 2027 up 6.5% 41st Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 35.71 2027 down 5.1% 85th Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) 2.67 % change on previous year 2027 up 77.8% 14th Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate 1.05 % change on previous year 2027 down 28.7% 44th Employment 14,106 2025 up 12.9% 82nd Employment (ILO modelled estimates) 14,106 2025 up 12.9% 82nd Employment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate 1.1 % change on previous year 2025 up 869.9% 47th Employment (ILO modelled estimates), annual growth rate 1.1 % change on previous year 2025 up 869.9% 47th SDG indicator 8.2.1: Annual growth rate of output per worker, GDP 1.73 2027 down 66.1% 53rd SDG indicator 8.2.1: Annual growth rate of output per worker, GDP 1.69 2027 down 78.4% 54th Labour force participation rate (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) 41.03 2027 down 5.2% 83rd SDG indicator 10.4.1: Labour income share as a percent of GDP 32.4 2026 down 17.1% 86th Labour income share as a percent of GDP 32.4 2026 down 17.1% 86th LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment 27.71 2027 down 1.4% 4th Total weekly hours worked of employed persons 619,898 2027 up 11.0% 82nd Ratio of total weekly hours worked to population aged 15-64 17.1 2027 down 4.2% 86th Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person 43.14 2027 down 1.6% 15th NEET: Youth not in employment, education or training 1,893 2027 up 15.7% 69th NEET rate: Share of youth not in employment, education or training 21.53 2027 down 3.9% 24th Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 16.92 2027 down 1.9% 1st Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) 2,432 2027 up 10.6% 63rd Full-time equivalent employment (ILO modelled estimates) 15,497 2027 up 11.0% 82nd LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment 27.71 2027 down 1.4% 4th NEET: Youth not in employment, education or training (ILO modelled) 4.31 % change on previous year 2027 up 11,270.3% 1st Total weekly hours worked of employed persons (ILO modelled) 0.9764 % change on previous year 2027 up 14.8% 54th Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual 0.8256 % change on previous year 2027 down 79.3% 58th SDG indicator 8.5.2: Unemployment rate (previous ILO definition) 12.98 2027 down 1.0% 6th Labour income distribution (ILO modelled estimates) 0.799 2025 up 0.6% 40th SDG indicator 8.6.1: Proportion of youth aged 15 to 24 years not in 21.53 2027 down 3.9% 24th Labour income distribution (ILO modelled estimates) (Decile 1) 0.8838 % change on previous year 2025 up 802.7% 22nd SDG indicator 9.2.2: Manufacturing employment as a proportion of 9.64 2025 down 10.3% 64th SDG indicator 8.3.1: Proportion of informal employment in total 33.61 2027 down 2.6% 58th LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization 6,687 2027 up 11.4% 70th Jobs gap rate 23 2027 down 0.4% 7th Jobs gap 4,286 2027 up 11.9% 74th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers rate 11.5 2027 unchanged 8th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers 2,143 2027 up 12.4% 77th Employment 14,106 2025 up 12.9% 80th SDG indicator 8.8.2: Level of national compliance with labour rights 4.77 2024 up 126.1% 23rd Jobs gap rate 22.98 2027 down 0.5% 7th Jobs gap 4,286 2027 up 11.9% 74th LU3: Combined rate of unemployment and potential labour force 22.85 2027 down 0.6% 5th Informal employment rate 33.61 2027 down 2.6% 58th Informal employment 4,828 2027 up 9.9% 79th Potential labour force rate 11.34 2027 down 0.3% 6th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers 2,143 2027 up 12.4% 77th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers rate 11.49 2027 down 0.1% 8th Potential labour force rate 11.34 2027 down 0.3% 6th Potential labour force 2,112 2027 up 12.2% 71st LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization 35.91 2027 down 1.0% 4th LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization 6,687 2027 up 11.4% 70th Labour force participation rate for persons ages 25 to 54 68.39 2023 up 3.5% 80th Labour force ages 25 to 54 1,976 2023 up 18.9% 91st