Environment in Madrid 21 indicators covering environment for Madrid. IndicatorLatest Year10-yr change Rank Historical exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly 0.3921 Percentage change 2025 up 106.4% 816th Drought - Cities and FUAs — Land soil moisture anomaly 0.8 Percentage change 2025 up 110.8% 325th Historical exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly 0.5818 Percentage change 2025 up 108.3% 746th Exposure to drought — Cropland soil moisture anomaly -1.32 Percentage change 2024 down 165.8% 135th Exposure to drought — Land soil moisture anomaly 4.33 Percentage change 2024 up 96.8% 61st Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions from waste 0.42 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent 2024 down 2.3% 102nd River flooding exposure — Cropland share exposed to river flooding 4.05 Percentage of agricultural land area 2022 up 2.9% 1091st Total and environment-related patents - FUAs — Patent applications 259 Patents 2022 down 34.4% 63rd Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Daytime summer land 42.11 Degrees celsius 2024 up 3.0% 62nd Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Daytime winter land 12.05 Degrees celsius 2024 down 2.5% 457th Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Daytime yearly land 29.19 Degrees celsius 2024 down 1.2% 211th Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime summer land 20.94 Degrees celsius 2024 up 7.3% 237th Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime winter land 2.59 Degrees celsius 2024 up 355.2% 460th Land surface temperature - Cities and FUAs — Nighttime yearly land 11.81 Degrees celsius 2024 up 6.6% 322nd Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to PM10 31.23 Microgrammes per cubic metre 2025 — 936th Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to PM2.5 21.62 Microgrammes per cubic metre 2025 — 900th Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to ozone 106.37 Microgrammes per cubic metre 2025 — 232nd Air pollution - Cities and FUAs — Population exposure to nitrogen 40.04 Microgrammes per cubic metre 2025 — 445th Land cover and land cover change — Grassland 1,067 Square kilometres 2022 down 7.4% 427th Land cover and land cover change — Loss of cropland 452.91 Square kilometres 2022 up 88.1% 371st Land cover and land cover change — Gain of artificial surfaces 497.85 Square kilometres 2022 up 97.8% 202nd