Work & Labour in Europe & Central Asia

87 indicators covering work & labour for Europe & Central Asia.

IndicatorLatest Year10-yr change Rank
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15 51.1% 2025 up 1.7%
Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 58.2% 2025 up 0.4%
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) 35.9% 2025 up 0.5%
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) 44.5% 2025 down 1.0%
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) 40.3% 2025 down 0.3%
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15 66.3% 2025 up 5.7%
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) 79.3% 2025 up 2.5%
Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15-6 72.8% 2025 up 4.0%
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) 65.9% 2025 down 0.8%
Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) 78.2% 2025 up 2.5%
Employers, male (% of male employment) 5.1% 2025 down 1.7%
Employment in services, male (% of male employment) 59.7% 2025 up 6.4%
Employment in services, female (% of female employment) 81.6% 2025 up 3.4%
Employment in industry (% of total employment) 23.7% 2025 down 4.0%
Employment in industry, male (% of male employment) 32.8% 2025 down 3.7%
Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) 12.7% 2025 down 4.7%
Contributing family workers, total (% of total employment) 1.8% 2025 down 32.2%
Contributing family workers, male (% of male employment) 1.3% 2025 down 23.5%
Contributing family workers, female (% of female employment) 2.4% 2025 down 36.9%
Wage and salaried workers, total (% of total employment) 83.3% 2025 up 2.2%
Wage and salaried workers, male (% of male employment) 80.4% 2025 up 2.6%
Wage and salaried workers, female (% of female employment) 86.8% 2025 up 1.8%
Employment in services (% of total employment) 69.7% 2025 up 4.8%
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24) 14.7% 2025 down 27.5%
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24) 13.6% 2025 down 31.1%
Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) 14.0% 2025 down 29.8%
Self-employed, total (% of total employment) 16.7% 2025 down 9.8%
Self-employed, male (% of male employment) 19.6% 2025 down 9.3%
Self-employed, female (% of female employment) 13.2% 2025 down 10.4%
Employers, total (% of total employment) 3.8% 2025 up 2.5%
Employers, female (% of female employment) 2.2% 2025 up 17.2%
GDP per person employed 103,033 constant 2021 PPP $ 2025 up 16.0%
Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) 5.4% 2025 down 37.1%
Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) 5.2% 2025 down 38.8%
Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) 5.6% 2025 down 34.6%
Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) 66.3% 2025 down 2.4%
Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15 52.6% 2025 down 1.6%
Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) 59.2% 2025 down 2.0%
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) 37.1% 2025 up 2.7%
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) 45.0% 2025 down 0.2%
Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) 79.9% 2025 up 1.0%
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) 41.2% 2025 up 1.2%
Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) 14.6% 2025 down 30.2%
Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24) 14.1% 2025 down 31.5%
Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24) 15.6% 2025 down 27.5%
Share of youth not in education, employment or training, female (% of 14.8% 2025 down 17.1%
Share of youth not in education, employment or training, male (% of ma 11.3% 2025 down 12.8%
Share of youth not in education, employment or training, total (% of y 13.0% 2025 down 15.3%
Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, female (%) 30.9% 2025 up 6.0%
Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%) 38.5% 2025 up 5.2%
Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) 48.2% 2025 up 4.9%
Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%) 62.6% 2025 up 2.9%
Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) 55.1% 2025 up 3.9%
Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) 11.0% 2025 down 14.5%
Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) 14.4% 2025 down 11.7%
Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) 12.9% 2025 down 12.9%
Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) 34.8% 2025 up 5.5%
Unemployment with basic education 10.8% 2024 down 40.9%
Unemployment with basic education, male 10.1% 2024 down 44.5%
Unemployment with intermediate education 7.3% 2024 down 43.5%