Work & Labour in Europe and Central Asia 59 indicators covering work & labour for Europe and Central Asia. IndicatorLatest Year10-yr change Rank Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 452,116 2027 up 1.8% 21st Labour force participation rate (ILO modelled estimates) 57.53 2027 down 1.3% 56th Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) 333,753 2027 up 5.0% 20th Unemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 5.47 2027 down 26.7% 36th Labour dependency ratio 1.21 2027 down 3.9% 49th Output per worker, GDP constant 2021 international $ at PPP 103,309 2027 up 14.4% 18th Output per worker, GDP constant 2015 US $ 59,908 2027 up 12.6% 20th Employment-to-population ratio (ILO modelled estimates) 54.39 2027 up 0.8% 57th Persons outside the labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+) 1.04 % change on previous year 2027 up 380.0% 69th Labour force (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate -0.1537 % change on previous year 2027 down 129.5% 73rd Employment 428,680 2025 up 6.8% 22nd Employment (ILO modelled estimates) 428,680 2025 up 6.8% 22nd Employment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual growth rate -0.2355 % change on previous year 2025 down 123.6% 78th Employment (ILO modelled estimates), annual growth rate -0.2355 % change on previous year 2025 down 123.6% 78th SDG indicator 8.2.1: Annual growth rate of output per worker, GDP 1.98 2027 up 7.8% 42nd SDG indicator 8.2.1: Annual growth rate of output per worker, GDP 1.83 2027 up 6.7% 43rd Labour force participation rate (previous ILO definition - ICLS13) 57.53 2027 down 1.3% 56th SDG indicator 10.4.1: Labour income share as a percent of GDP 54.3 2026 down 1.6% 22nd Labour income share as a percent of GDP 54.3 2026 down 1.6% 22nd LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment 8.59 2027 down 22.9% 58th Total weekly hours worked of employed persons 14.94 million 2027 up 2.6% 23rd Ratio of total weekly hours worked to population aged 15-64 24.72 2027 up 4.1% 61st Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person 34.96 2027 down 1.4% 72nd NEET: Youth not in employment, education or training 15,014 2027 down 6.9% 37th NEET rate: Share of youth not in employment, education or training 13.29 2027 down 9.8% 66th Time-related underemployment rate (ILO modelled estimates) 3.31 2027 down 16.9% 69th Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) 14,128 2027 down 13.6% 33rd Full-time equivalent employment (ILO modelled estimates) 373,584 2027 up 2.6% 23rd LU2: Combined rate of time-related underemployment and unemployment 8.59 2027 down 22.9% 58th NEET: Youth not in employment, education or training (ILO modelled) 1.73 % change on previous year 2027 up 145.2% 38th Total weekly hours worked of employed persons (ILO modelled) 0.0288 % change on previous year 2027 down 97.0% 73rd Time-related underemployment (ILO modelled estimates) (15+), annual 0.2434 % change on previous year 2027 up 108.1% 67th SDG indicator 8.5.2: Unemployment rate (previous ILO definition) 5.47 2027 down 26.7% 36th Labour income distribution (ILO modelled estimates) 1.12 2025 up 18.7% 26th SDG indicator 8.6.1: Proportion of youth aged 15 to 24 years not in 13.29 2027 down 9.8% 66th Labour income distribution (ILO modelled estimates) (Decile 1) 0.8969 % change on previous year 2025 up 195.4% 21st SDG indicator 9.2.2: Manufacturing employment as a proportion of 13.89 2025 down 5.6% 28th SDG indicator 8.3.1: Proportion of informal employment in total 12.63 2027 down 11.8% 70th LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization 53,569 2027 down 20.1% 28th Jobs gap rate 10.9 2027 down 19.3% 47th Jobs gap 52,091 2027 down 18.7% 22nd Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers rate 5.7 2027 down 12.3% 50th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers 27,376 2027 down 11.5% 25th Employment 428,680 2025 up 6.8% 21st SDG indicator 8.8.2: Level of national compliance with labour rights 1.78 2024 up 38.0% 67th Jobs gap rate 10.86 2027 down 19.4% 47th Jobs gap 52,091 2027 down 18.7% 22nd LU3: Combined rate of unemployment and potential labour force 8.45 2027 down 23.0% 48th Informal employment rate 12.63 2027 down 11.8% 70th Informal employment 53,992 2027 down 8.3% 41st Potential labour force rate 3.15 2027 down 16.9% 60th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers 27,376 2027 down 11.5% 25th Potential labour force and willing non-jobseekers rate 5.71 2027 down 12.3% 50th Potential labour force rate 3.15 2027 down 16.9% 60th Potential labour force 14,726 2027 down 16.0% 28th LU4: Composite rate of labour underutilization 11.47 2027 down 20.9% 60th LU4: Composite measure of labour underutilization 53,569 2027 down 20.1% 28th Labour force participation rate for persons ages 25 to 54 84.62 2023 up 1.7% 24th Labour force ages 25 to 54 320,656 2023 down 0.3% 21st