GNI per capita relates to liberties index
Comparing Individual Liberties and Equality before the Law Index with GNI, Atlas method (current US$), per capita across 169 countries, 2025–2025.
- Rank correlation
- +0.61
- Holding size constant
- +0.45
- Countries compared
- 169
- Period
- 2025–2025
What might link these
The relationship between GNI per capita and the Individual Liberties and Equality before the Law Index might be linked through factors like education and institutional stability, which could contribute to both economic growth and the protection of individual rights. A careful reader should consider the potential impact of a likely confounder such as the level of democratic governance. The correlation suggests a pattern but does not imply direct causation.
Why this is not proof of anything
This is a correlation across countries, not an experiment. It cannot show that either indicator causes the other, and both may simply follow a third thing. This correlation could mislead by overlooking other critical factors that influence both indicators, such as cultural and historical contexts.
The second figure above repeats the measurement with national population and income held constant. It is the more conservative number: a relationship that largely disappears there was mostly telling you that larger, richer countries have more of most things.
How this was measured
Both indicators were ranked across every country reporting each, and the two rankings compared — ranks rather than raw values, because a handful of very large countries can otherwise manufacture a relationship on their own. The calculation is arithmetic over figures already published on this site; the commentary above is drafted from the two indicator names and the resulting coefficients.